数据结构中对于抽象数据类型的理解（以简单的复数为例）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

typedef struct        //复数类型 
{
    float Realpart;        //实部
    float Imagepart;    //虚部
}Complex;

void Create(Complex &C, float x, float y);
float GetReal(Complex C);
float GetImag(Complex C);
Complex Add(Complex C1, Complex C2);
Complex Sub(Complex C1, Complex C2);

void Create(Complex &C, float x, float y)
{
    //构造一个复数
    C.Realpart = x;
    C.Imagepart = y; 
}

float GetReal(Complex C)
{
    //取复数C=x+yi的实部
    return C.Realpart; 
}

float GetImag(Complex C)
{
    //取复数C=x+yi的虚部
    return C.Imagepart; 
}

Complex Add(Complex C1, Complex C2)
{    //求两个复数C1和C2的和sum
    Complex sum;
    sum.Realpart = C1.Realpart + C2.Realpart;
    sum.Imagepart = C1.Imagepart + C2.Imagepart;
    return sum; 
}

Complex Sub(Complex C1, Complex C2)
{
    //求两个复数C1和C2的差difference
    Complex difference;
    difference.Realpart = C1.Realpart - C2.Realpart;
    difference.Imagepart = C1.Imagepart - C2.Imagepart;
    return difference; 
}

// 重载 << 运算符以输出 Complex对象(学习借鉴)
/*<<运算符的重载版本会被调用，它会正确地格式化并输出复数的实部和虚部。*/
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& C)
{
    os << "(" << C.Realpart << " + " << C.Imagepart << "i)";  
    return os;  
}  

int main()
{
    Complex i1, i2, e1;
    Create(i1, 3, 5);    //3+5i
    Create(i2, -3, 6);    //-3+6i

    cout << "复数i1:" << i1 << " 它的实部:" << GetReal(i1) << endl;
    cout <<    "复数i2:" << i2 << " 它的虚部:" << GetImag(i2) << endl;
    cout << "复数i1和i2的和:" << Add(i1, i2) << endl;
    cout << "复数i1和i2的差:" << Sub(i1, i2) << endl;
    
    return 0; 
    
}