一个最简单的测试在dev/下生成字符设备的程序

先贴代码：

#include <linux/init.h>  /* Needed for the macros */ 
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h> /* Needed for all modules */ 
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
   
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL"); 
MODULE_AUTHOR("ttxgz"); 
 
int hello_major = 555;
int hello_minor = 0;
int number_of_devices = 1;

int memalloc_major = 111;
int memalloc_minor = 1;

struct cdev cdev;
    dev_t dev = 0;

struct file_operations hello_fops = {
      .owner = THIS_MODULE
    };

struct class *my_class;
struct class *mem_class;

static int __init hello_init(void) 
{ 
       int result;
       dev = MKDEV (hello_major, hello_minor);

 /* create your own class under /sysfs */
     my_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "my_class");
     if(IS_ERR(my_class))
     {
          printk("Err: failed in creating class.\n");
          return -1;
      }
      device_create( my_class, NULL, MKDEV(hello_major, hello_minor), NULL, "hello%d",0);

      mem_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mem_class");
      device_create( mem_class, NULL, MKDEV(memalloc_major, memalloc_minor), NULL, "memalloc");

    printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello, world!/n"); 
    return 0; 
} 

static void __exit hello_exit(void) 
{ 

 dev_t devno = MKDEV (hello_major, hello_minor);
    device_destroy(my_class, MKDEV(hello_major, 0));         //delete device node under /dev
       class_destroy(my_class);                               //delete class created by us
 unregister_chrdev_region (devno, number_of_devices);

 devno = MKDEV(memalloc_major,memalloc_minor);
    device_destroy(mem_class, MKDEV(memalloc_major, memalloc_minor));         //delete device node under /dev
       class_destroy(mem_class);                               //delete class created by us

   printk (KERN_INFO "char driver cleaned up\n");
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Goodbye, cruel world/n"); 
} 
 
module_init(hello_init); 
module_exit(hello_exit);  

 

Makefile:

ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),) 
 
# Assume the source tree is where the running kernel was built 
# You should set KERNELDIR in the environment if it's elsewhere 
 
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build 
 
# The current directory is passed to sub-makes as argument 
 
PWD := $(shell pwd) 
 
modules: 
 $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules 
 
modules_install: 
 $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules_install 
 
clean: 
 rm -rf *.o *~ core .depend .*.cmd *.ko *.mod.c .tmp_versions 
 
.PHONY: modules modules_install clean 
 
else 
 
# called from kernel build system: just declare what our modules are 
 
obj-m := hello.o 
 
endif 

 

直接在虚拟机下挂载，可以看见在dev下出现了hello0和memalloc两个设备，printk的信息可以通过dmesg | tail查看

 

上面的代码部分源于http://www.kerneltravel.net/?p=70和http://www.embedu.org/Column/Column120.htm以及参考了http://www.360doc.com/content/11/0518/16/3038654_117697142.shtml