Android的页面跳转和数据传递（2）

Android的页面跳转，首先，创建2个以上的Acticity，分别在Manifest文件中进行注册
用intent的方法进行跳转，数据传输有两种方式分为简单数据和复杂数据。
例如：我建立一个MainActivity和Activity2，
那么我的Manifest文件内容如下，注册

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
        android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.Test921"
        tools:targetApi="31">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".Activity2"
            android:exported="true">
           
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

使用intent进行跳转，和简单的数据传递

package com.example.test921;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
      private TextView textView;
      private EditText editText;
    private EditText editText2;
      private Button bnt;
      private Button bnt2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView=this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
        editText=this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
        editText2=this.findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        bnt=this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        bnt2=this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        bnt.setOnClickListener(this);
        bnt2.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view)
    {
        if(view.getId()==R.id.button)
        {System.out.println("button1被按下");
         Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,Activity2.class);
        //分别将两个编辑框内的内容给键值name和password
        intent.putExtra("name",editText.getText().toString().trim() );
        intent.putExtra("password",editText2.getText().toString().trim() );
        //intent.putExtra("name","tom");
        startActivity(intent);
        }
        else if(view.getId()==R.id.button2)
            System.out.println("button2被按下");
    }
}

接收页面，接收name和password再显示在页面上

package com.example.test921;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class Activity2 extends AppCompatActivity {
    private TextView textView;
    private TextView textView2;
    private EditText editText;
    private Button bnt;
    private Button bnt2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView=this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
        textView2=this.findViewById(R.id.textView2);
        editText=this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
        bnt=this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        bnt2=this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        Listener listener=new Listener();
        bnt.setOnClickListener(listener);
        bnt2.setOnClickListener(new Listener());
          Intent intent=getIntent();
        //获取数据并显示到text中
       textView.setText(intent.getStringExtra("name"));
        textView2.setText(intent.getStringExtra("password"));
        String name=intent.getStringExtra("name");
        System.out.println(name);
    }
    class Listener implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            if(view.getId()==R.id.button2)
                System.out.println("button2");
            else if (view.getId()==R.id.button) {
                System.out.println("button");
            }
        }
    }
}

对于稍微复杂的数据传递，使用新建的data类来进行传递
在package下新建java类，名data：

package com.example.test921;

import java.io.Serializable;
public class data implements Serializable {

    private String name;
    private int age;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

}

再在activity里进行调用

package com.example.test921;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
      private TextView textView;
      private EditText editText;
    private EditText editText2;
      private Button bnt;
      private Button bnt2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView=this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
        editText=this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
        editText2=this.findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        bnt=this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        bnt2=this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        bnt.setOnClickListener(this);
        bnt2.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view)
    {
        if(view.getId()==R.id.button)
        {System.out.println("button1被按下");
         Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,Activity2.class);
        //分别将两个编辑框内的内容给键值name和password
        //intent.putExtra("name",editText.getText().toString().trim() );
        //intent.putExtra("password",editText2.getText().toString().trim() );
        //intent.putExtra("name","tom");
            Bundle b=new Bundle();
            //数据对象data为新建的data文件名，可以使用data里的方法
            data user=new data();
            user.setAge(180);
            String name=editText.getText().toString().trim();
            user.setName(name);
            //将数据打包进bundle中
            b.putSerializable("user", (Serializable) user);
            //将打包好的bundle发送出去
            intent.putExtras(b);
        startActivity(intent);
        }
        else if(view.getId()==R.id.button2)
            System.out.println("button2被按下");
    }
}

接收界面代码：

package com.example.test921;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class Activity2 extends AppCompatActivity {
    private TextView textView;
    private TextView textView2;
    private EditText editText;
    private Button bnt;
    private Button bnt2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView=this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
        textView2=this.findViewById(R.id.textView2);
        editText=this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
        bnt=this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        bnt2=this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        Listener listener=new Listener();
        bnt.setOnClickListener(listener);
        bnt2.setOnClickListener(new Listener());
         /* Intent intent=getIntent();
        //获取数据并显示到text中
       textView.setText(intent.getStringExtra("name"));
        textView2.setText(intent.getStringExtra("password"));
        String name=intent.getStringExtra("name");
        System.out.println(name);*/
        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
        data user=(data) bundle.getSerializable("user");
        String str="名字："+user.getName()+" 年龄："+user.getAge();
        System.out.println(str);
    }
    class Listener implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            if(view.getId()==R.id.button2)
                System.out.println("button2");
            else if (view.getId()==R.id.button) {
                System.out.println("button");
            }
        }
    }
}

如果要将第二个页面接收的结果显示在textview上，则修改如下代码

  Intent intent=getIntent();
        //获取数据并显示到text中
        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
        data user=(data) bundle.getSerializable("user");
        String str="名字："+user.getName()+" 年龄："+user.getAge();
        System.out.println(str);
        textView.setText(user.getName());
        textView2.setText(String.valueOf(user.getAge()));

注意在data中我们将age设置成了int型，所以在这里要先转成string再进行显示