Java DOM操作XML

XML源文件：languages.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Languages cat="it">
	<lan id="1">
		<name>Java</name>
		<ide>Eclipse</ide>
	</lan>
	<lan id="2">
		<name>Swift</name>
		<ide>Xcode</ide>
	</lan>
	<lan id="3">
		<name>C#</name>
		<ide>Visual Studio</ide>
	</lan>
</Languages>

读取和输出引用的头文件。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

读取操作：

	public static void read(){

		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder= factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document document= builder.parse(new File("languages.xml"));
			Element root= document.getDocumentElement();
			System.out.println("cat="+root.getAttribute("cat"));
			NodeList list=root.getElementsByTagName("lan");
			for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
				Element lan = (Element) list.item(i);
				System.out.println("--------------------");
				String id = lan.getAttribute("id");
				System.out.println("lan id="+id);
				
				//-------------------------方式1
				//只有一个元素也需要
//				Element name = (Element) lan.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0);
//				System.out.println("name= "+name.getTextContent());
//				Element ide = (Element) lan.getElementsByTagName("ide").item(0);
//				System.out.println("ide ="+ide.getTextContent());
				
				//-------------------------方式2
				NodeList clist=lan.getChildNodes();
				for (int j = 0; j < clist.getLength(); j++) {
					Node cc = clist.item(j);
					//否则会将缩进符等输出
					if(cc instanceof Element){
						System.out.println(cc.getNodeName()+"="+cc.getTextContent());
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	
	}

输出操作：

	public static void out() {
		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document document = builder.newDocument();
			Element root = document.createElement("Languages");
			root.setAttribute("cat", "it");

			Element lan1 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan1.setAttribute("id", "1");
			Element name1 = document.createElement("name");
			name1.setTextContent("Java");
			Element ide1 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide1.setTextContent("Eclipse");
			lan1.appendChild(name1);
			lan1.appendChild(ide1);

			Element lan2 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan2.setAttribute("id", "2");
			Element name2 = document.createElement("name");
			name2.setTextContent("Swift");
			Element ide2 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide2.setTextContent("Xcode");
			lan2.appendChild(name2);
			lan2.appendChild(ide2);

			Element lan3 = document.createElement("lan");
			lan3.setAttribute("id", "3");
			Element name3 = document.createElement("name");
			name3.setTextContent("C#");
			Element ide3 = document.createElement("ide");
			ide3.setTextContent("Visual Studio");
			lan3.appendChild(name3);
			lan3.appendChild(ide3);

			root.appendChild(lan1);
			root.appendChild(lan2);
			root.appendChild(lan3);

			document.appendChild(root);
			// 转换完成

			TransformerFactory transformerfactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
			Transformer transformer = transformerfactory.newTransformer();
			// -------------------方式1
			// 输出成字符串
			// StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
			// transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(writer));
			// System.out.println(writer.toString());
			// -------------------方式2
			// 输出到文件
			transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File("out.xml")));
			System.out.println("ok");
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (TransformerException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

输出文件：out.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<Languages cat="it">
	<lan id="1">
		<name>Java</name>
		<ide>Eclipse</ide>
	</lan>
	<lan id="2">
		<name>Swift</name>
		<ide>Xcode</ide>
	</lan>
	<lan id="3">
		<name>C#</name>
		<ide>Visual Studio</ide>
	</lan>
</Languages>

XML源文件