STM32F429芯片使用USART2（PA2、PA3）问题

硬件平台

STM32F429I-DISCOVERY、USB转串口工具

开发平台

Keil MDK

问题

最近由于我需要使用STM32F429芯片的串口2，所以今天就在STM32F429官方的例程尝试使用串口2。后面发现如果使用PA2、PA3作为串口2的通信端口时串口接收不到数据。

代码：

相关宏定义：

#define USARTx                           USART2
#define USARTx_CLK_ENABLE()              __HAL_RCC_USART2_CLK_ENABLE();
#define USARTx_RX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE()      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define USARTx_TX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE()      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE() 

#define USARTx_FORCE_RESET()             __HAL_RCC_USART2_FORCE_RESET()
#define USARTx_RELEASE_RESET()           __HAL_RCC_USART2_RELEASE_RESET()

/* Definition for USARTx Pins */
#define USARTx_TX_PIN                    GPIO_PIN_2
#define USARTx_TX_GPIO_PORT              GPIOA  
#define USARTx_TX_AF                     GPIO_AF7_USART2
#define USARTx_RX_PIN                    GPIO_PIN_3
#define USARTx_RX_GPIO_PORT              GPIOA 
#define USARTx_RX_AF                     GPIO_AF7_USART2

串口2初始化代码：

/**
  * @brief UART MSP Initialization 
  *        This function configures the hardware resources used in this example: 
  *           - Peripheral's clock enable
  *           - Peripheral's GPIO Configuration  
  * @param huart: UART handle pointer
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{  
  GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStruct;
  
  /*##-1- Enable peripherals and GPIO Clocks #################################*/
  /* Enable GPIO TX/RX clock */
  USARTx_TX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();
  USARTx_RX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();
  /* Enable USART1 clock */
  USARTx_CLK_ENABLE(); 
  
  /*##-2- Configure peripheral GPIO ##########################################*/  
  /* UART TX GPIO pin configuration  */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin       = USARTx_TX_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode      = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull      = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed     = GPIO_SPEED_FAST;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = USARTx_TX_AF;
  
  HAL_GPIO_Init(USARTx_TX_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    
  /* UART RX GPIO pin configuration  */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = USARTx_RX_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = USARTx_RX_AF;
    
  HAL_GPIO_Init(USARTx_RX_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

串口2的属性设置：

  /*##-1- Configure the UART peripheral ######################################*/
  /* Put the USART peripheral in the Asynchronous mode (UART Mode) */
  /* UART1 configured as follow:
      - Word Length = 8 Bits
      - Stop Bit = One Stop bit
      - Parity = None
      - BaudRate = 9600 baud
      - Hardware flow control disabled (RTS and CTS signals) */
  UartHandle.Instance          = USARTx;
  
  UartHandle.Init.BaudRate     = 115200;
  UartHandle.Init.WordLength   = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  UartHandle.Init.StopBits     = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  UartHandle.Init.Parity       = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  UartHandle.Init.HwFlowCtl    = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  UartHandle.Init.Mode         = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  UartHandle.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
    
  if(HAL_UART_Init(&UartHandle) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

由于出现了问题，所以我仔细检查了STM32F429I-DISCOVERY的原理图同时使用万用表测量了开发板上接出的引脚PA2与PA3都有芯片引脚接触良好。

后面查看STM32F429的数据手册，发现串口2的复用引脚除了PA2和PA3后还可以复用到PD5、PD6上。最后修改代码将引脚改为PD5、PD6。最后发现又一切正常了！可以正常收发数据了^_^

 修改后的代码：

#define USARTx                           USART2
#define USARTx_CLK_ENABLE()              __HAL_RCC_USART2_CLK_ENABLE();
#define USARTx_RX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE()      __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE()
#define USARTx_TX_GPIO_CLK_ENABLE()      __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE() 

#define USARTx_FORCE_RESET()             __HAL_RCC_USART1_FORCE_RESET()
#define USARTx_RELEASE_RESET()           __HAL_RCC_USART1_RELEASE_RESET()

/* Definition for USARTx Pins */
#define USARTx_TX_PIN                    GPIO_PIN_5
#define USARTx_TX_GPIO_PORT              GPIOD  
#define USARTx_TX_AF                     GPIO_AF7_USART2
#define USARTx_RX_PIN                    GPIO_PIN_6
#define USARTx_RX_GPIO_PORT              GPIOD 
#define USARTx_RX_AF                     GPIO_AF7_USART2