CentOS 安装 Mosquitto

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已于 2024-02-28 14:09:30 修改

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分类专栏： Cloud Server 文章标签： centos linux iot 经验分享阿里云

于 2024-02-28 14:07:12 首次发布

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文章转载自 Alson

CentOS 安装步骤

查询 CentOS 是否已经安装（可选，默认没有安装）

[root@iZuf6bn8133scbluly1rheZ ~]# yum list installed mosquitto
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Error: No matching Packages to list

查询软件源中是否有 mosquitto 安装包

[root@iZuf6bn8133scbluly1rheZ ~]# yum search mosquitto
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
======================================================================== N/S matched: mosquitto =========================================================================
mosquitto-devel.x86_64 : Development files for mosquitto
mosquitto.x86_64 : An Open Source MQTT v3.1/v3.1.1 Broker

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

查看 mosquitto 详细信息 (可选)

[root@iZuf6bn8133scbluly1rheZ ~]# yum info mosquitto
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
Name        : mosquitto
Arch        : x86_64
Version     : 1.6.10
Release     : 1.el7
Size        : 287 k
Repo        : epel/x86_64
Summary     : An Open Source MQTT v3.1/v3.1.1 Broker
URL         : http://mosquitto.org/
License     : BSD
Description : Mosquitto is an open source message broker that implements the MQ Telemetry
			: Transport protocol version 3.1 and 3.1.1 MQTT provides a lightweight method
			: of carrying out messaging using a publish/subscribe model. This makes it
			: suitable for "machine to machine" messaging such as with low power sensors
			: or mobile devices such as phones, embedded computers or micro-controllers
			: like the Arduino.

安装
```
yum install mosquitto
```

查看 mosquitto 帮助信息

[root@iZuf6bn8133scbluly1rheZ ~]# mosquitto --help
mosquitto version 1.6.10

mosquitto is an MQTT v3.1.1 broker.

Usage: mosquitto [-c config_file] [-d] [-h] [-p port]

 -c : specify the broker config file.
 -d : put the broker into the background after starting.
 -h : display this help.
 -p : start the broker listening on the specified port.
	  Not recommended in conjunction with the -c option.
 -v : verbose mode - enable all logging types. This overrides
	  any logging options given in the config file.

See http://mosquitto.org/ for more information.

Mosquitto 配置

认证方式：用户名和密码

添加新用户
```
mosquitto_passwd -c mos_users alson
```
mos_users 为 passwordfile,用来保存用户的 username 和 password。
修改配置文件，不允许匿名登录

默认配置文件 /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf，将 allow_anonymous 改为 false
```
allow_anonymous false
```
修改配置文件，修改端口

默认端口为 1883，可以通过修改 port 指定端口
```
port 1883
```
修改配置文件，指定 passwordfile 路径
```
password_file /root/mos_users
```

运行服务器

[root@iZuf6bn8133scbluly1rheZ ~]# mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -v
1709098551: mosquitto version 1.6.10 starting
1709098551: Config loaded from /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf.
1709098551: Opening ipv4 listen socket on port 1883.
1709098551: Opening ipv6 listen socket on port 1883.

Subscriber 订阅 Topic

Subscriber 使用 MQTT.fx,具体使用方法请百度。订阅的主题为 info

info-sub

Publisher

在 CentOS 上新开一个终端, 使用 mosquitto_pub 发布 Topic 为 info 的消息

mosquitto_pub -t info -u alson -P 12345678 -m "this is a test message"

info-recv

问题总结

MQTT.fx 连接不上服务器。

检查端口是否开放。对于云服务器来说，需要在安全选项里面放开端口。如果安全选项里面已经开放端口还是连接不上，继续检查是否有别的地方可以开放端口设置。（笔者使用 宝塔面板 在服务器上搭建了 WordPress 服务器，需要在 宝塔面板 的安全选项中也要开放对应的端口）