OC学习之道:OC对象,字典,集合的使用方法NSDictionary,NSMutableDictionary, NSSet,NSMutableSet,NSCountedSet

OC学习之道:OC对象,字典,集合的使用方法NSDictionary,NSMutableDictionary, NSSet,NSMutableSet,NSCountedSet

介绍一个NSValue.它是NSNumber的父类,可以存放结构体等一些对象

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
#pragma mark---NSDictionary不可变字典
    //1,初始化,一对
        NSDictionary *dict1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"numObj1" forKey:@"key1"];

        NSLog(@"%@",dict1);
    //1.1多对
        NSDictionary *direc2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"number",@"key2",@"number2",@"key3",nil];
        NSLog(@"%@",direc2);

    //2.获取字典数量
        NSInteger count  = [direc2 count];
        NSLog(@"%ld",count);

    //3.根据key值取相应的value对象
        NSString *value6 = [direc2 objectForKey:@"key2"];
        NSLog(@"%@",value6);

    //4.把字典的key转换成枚举对象用于遍历
        NSEnumerator *enumerator = [direc2 keyEnumerator];
        //5.获取所有的key集合
        NSArray *keys = [direc2 allKeys];
        NSLog(@"%@",keys);
        //6.获取所有的value集合
        NSArray *values = [direc2 allValues];
        NSLog(@"%@",values);

#pragma mark---NSMutableDictionary可变字典
        //1.初始化
        NSMutableDictionary *mutableDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"a",@"k1",@"b",@"k2",@"c",@"k4",@"d",@"k5",@"e",@"k6", nil];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableDic);

        //2.向字典中添加指定的字典
        NSDictionary *dir1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"f" forKey:@"k7"];
        [mutableDic addEntriesFromDictionary:dir1   ];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableDic);

        //3.向字典中添加value和key
        [mutableDic setValue:@"g" forKey:@"k9"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableDic);

        //4.创建空得字典,然后设置新的一个字典
        NSMutableDictionary *mutabDir2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
        [mutabDir2 setDictionary:mutableDic ];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutabDir2);

        //5.删除指定的key和value值
        [mutabDir2 removeObjectForKey:@"k4"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutabDir2);

        //6.删除移除key集合的value值//
        NSArray *arrayKeys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"k1",@"k2",@"k5", nil];
        [mutableDic removeObjectsForKeys:arrayKeys];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableDic);

        //7.删除字典中所有的value
        [mutabDir2 removeAllObjects];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutabDir2);

        //枚举遍历,在排序篇会给出介绍
        NSDictionary *dic3 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"tongxing",@"name",@"male",@"sex",@(23),@"age", nil];
        NSArray *allKeys = [dic3 allKeys];//先获取所有key值
        for (NSInteger i = 0; i<[allKeys count]; i++) {
            NSString *obj = [dic3 objectForKey:[allKeys objectAtIndex:i]];//allKeys objectAtIndex:i是取出装有allKeys的一个,然后在调用objectForKey来取出这一个key所对应的value值,并赋值给obj
            NSLog(@"%@",obj);
        }

    //快速枚举
        for (id key in  dic3) {
            NSString *object = [dic3 objectForKey:key];
            NSLog(@"%@",object);
        }

//

#pragma mark-----迭代器枚举(后面详解)
//    

    //枚举器
        NSEnumerator *enumerator1 = [mutableDic keyEnumerator];
        id key =[enumerator1 nextObject];
        while (key) {
            id object = [mutableDic objectForKey:key];
            NSLog(@"%@",object);
            key = [enumerator1 nextObject];
        }
//


    //集合类

#pragma mark----NSSet不可变集合
        //1.初始化
        NSSet *set1 = [[NSSet alloc]initWithObjects:@"one",@"two", nil];
        NSLog(@"%@",set1);

        //2.通过数组的构建集合
        NSArray *array9 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"one",@"two",@"three", nil];
        NSSet *set2 = [NSSet setWithArray:array9];
        NSLog(@"%@",set2);

        //3.通过已有集合进行构建
        NSSet *set3 = [NSSet setWithSet:set2];
        NSLog(@"%@",set3);

        //4.集合对象的数量
        NSUInteger count7 = [set2 count];
        NSLog(@"%lu",count7);

        //5.返回集合中的所有元素
        NSArray *array8 = [set3 allObjects];
        NSLog(@"%@",array8);

        //6.返回集合中的任意一个元素
        NSString *str15 = [set3 anyObject];
        NSLog(@"%@",str15);

        //7.查询集合中是否包含某一个元素
        Boolean result1 = [set3 containsObject:@"two"];
        NSLog(@"%d",result1);

        //8.查询集合和集合是否有交集
        BOOL result8 = [set3 intersectsSet:set1];
        NSLog(@"%d",result8);

        //9.集合的匹配,判断两个集合中的元素是否完全相同
        BOOL result3 = [set1 isEqualToSet:set2];
        NSLog(@"%d",result3);

        //10.是否是一个集合的子集
        BOOL isSub = [set1 isSubsetOfSet:set3];//前者是否是后者的子集
        NSLog(@"%d",isSub);

        //11.在一个集合中添加一个新元素,返回新的集合
        NSSet *set6 = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"one", nil];
        NSSet *appSet = [set6 setByAddingObject:@"two"];
        NSLog(@"%@",appSet);

        //12.在一个集合中添加一个集合
        NSSet *appSet1 = [set1 setByAddingObjectsFromSet:set6];
        NSLog(@"%@",appSet1);

        //13.在一个集合中添加一个数组
        NSSet *appSet2 = [set1 setByAddingObjectsFromArray:array1];
        NSLog(@"%@",appSet2);

#pragma mark----NSMutableSet可变集合
        //1.创建初始化可变集合
        NSMutableSet *mutableSet1 = [NSMutableSet set];//空集合
        NSMutableSet *mutableSet2 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:@"1",@"2", nil];
        NSMutableSet *mutableSet3 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:@"a",@"2", nil];
        //2.从集合中去除相同的元素
//      [mutableSet2 minusSet:mutableSet3];//从前面的集合中减去和后面的集合相同的数
//        NSLog(@"%@",mutableSet3);
        //3,求两个集合的公共元素
//        [mutableSet2 intersectSet:mutableSet3];
//        NSLog(@"%@",mutableSet2);
        //4.合并两个集合
        [mutableSet2 unionSet:mutableSet3];//合并完后目标集合在前面
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableSet2);
        //5.删除指定对象
        [mutableSet2 removeObject:@"a"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableSet2);

#pragma mark----计数集合NSCountedSet
        NSCountedSet *countSet = [NSCountedSet setWithObjects:@"aa",@"bb",@"cc",@"dd", nil];
        NSLog(@"%@",countSet);

        NSCountedSet *cSet = [[NSCountedSet alloc] initWithObjects:@"aa", @"bb", @"cc", @"cc", @"dd", @"cc", @"dd", nil];
        NSLog(@"cSet:%@", cSet);
        //移除@"cc",
        //removeObject: 对于NSCountedSet对象而言，移除只能移除一个对象，而对于NSMutableSet而言，移除会将所有相同的对象全部移除。
        [cSet removeObject:@"cc"];
        NSLog(@"remove:%@", cSet);
        //添加@"ff"
        //addObject:对于NSCountedSet对象而言，添加对象会增加对象在集合中出现的次数，而对于NSMutableSet而言，如果添加的对象已经存在于集合中，则不会再添加。
        [cSet addObject:@"ff"];
        [cSet addObject:@"dd"];
        NSLog(@"add:%@", cSet);
        //获得某个对象在集合中出现的次数
        NSUInteger countInSet = [cSet countForObject:@"dd"];
        NSLog(@"count = %lu", countInSet);

#pragma mark---快速遍历（快速枚举）//不能进行增删改
        for (NSString *element in cSet) {
            NSLog(@"%@", element);
        }
    @autoreleasepool {


}
    return 0;
}