目录
一、项目搭建前期准备
1.搭建一个maven项目
2.配置Tomcat
3.测试项目是否能够跑起来
4.导包 servlet jsp ，mysql驱动
5.基本框架结构，先建好包目录
6.编写实体类
ORM映射：表、类映射
7.编写基础公共类
1.数据库配置文件
2,编写数据库的公共类BaseDao(但是学长们好像是在util包里面建的JDBCUtil文件)
package com.tang.Dao;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;
//操作数据库的公共类
public class BaseDao {
private static String driver;
private static String url;
private static String username;
private static String password;
//静态代码块，类加载的时候就初始化了
static {
Properties properties = new Properties();
//通过类加载器读取对应的资源 ？？？？不理解
InputStream is =
BaseDao.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
try {
properties.load(is);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
//从资源库里面获取连接信息
driver = properties.getProperty("diver");
url = properties.getProperty("url");
username = properties.getProperty("username");
password = properties.getProperty("password");
}
//获取数据库的连接
public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
Connection con = null;
try {
Class.forName(driver);
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
}catch (ClassNotFoundException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return con;
}
//编写查询公共类
public static ResultSet execute(Connection con, String sql,ResultSet rs,PreparedStatement pst, Object[] params) throws SQLException {
//预编译的sql
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++){
//setObject，占位符从1开始，但是数组从0开始的
pst.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
}
rs = pst.executeQuery();///注意！已经预编译了，不需加sql
return rs;
}//rs，pst都在参数里面更好关闭
//增删改公共类方法
public static int execute(Connection con, String sql,PreparedStatement pst, Object[] params) throws SQLException {
pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++){
//setObject，占位符从1开始，但是数组从0开始的
pst.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
}
int update = pst.executeUpdate();///不加
return update;
}
//释放资源
public static boolean closeResource(Connection con,PreparedStatement pst,ResultSet rs) {
boolean flag=true;
if(rs!=null){
try {
rs.close();
rs=null;
//GC回收???
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
flag=false;
}
}
if(pst!=null){
try {
pst.close();
pst=null;
//GC回收
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
flag=false;
}
}
if(con!=null){
try {
con.close();
con=null;
//GC回收
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();///开头写的是 throw new RuntimeException(e) 会报错显示flag=false语句不可到达！
flag=false;
}
}
return flag;
}
}3.编写字符编码过滤器接口（保证中文不会乱码）
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
chain.doFilter(request,response);filter注册申请：(和servlet差不多)
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.tang.Filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> */保证所有的信息都被过滤一遍
</filter-mapping>8.导入静态资源
导入jsp模板啥的
二、登录功能实现
1.编写前端页面
可以网上找模板....放在web包里
2.设置首页 login.jsp(学长发给我们的，可以在网站上找，自己写的好难看QAQ）
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<title>Kpop World</title>
<!-- Meta tags -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- CSS Stylesheet -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="pages/html/css/style.css" type="text/css" media="all" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="signinform">
<h1>Service Login Form</h1>
<!-- container -->
<div class="container">
<!-- main content -->
<div class="w3l-form-info">
<div class="w3_info">
<h2>登录</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login.do" method="get">
<div>${error}
<div class="input-group">
<span><i class="fas fa-user" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
<input type="text" name="uname" placeholder="用户名" required="">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<span><i class="fas fa-key" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
<input type="text" name="upassword" placeholder="密码" required="">
</div>
<div class="form-row bottom">
</div>
<button class="btn btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Login</button>
</div>
</form>
<div class="social-login">
</div>
<p class="account">Don't have an account? <a href="register.jsp">Register</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- //main content -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>注意首页需要在web.xml中注册！
<!-- 设置欢迎页面-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>3.编写Dao层用户登录的接口 UserDao
public interface UserDao {
//得到登录的用户
public User getLoginUser(Connection conn , String username ) throws SQLException;
}4.编写Dao接口的实现类 UserDaoImpl
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
public User getLoginUser(Connection con, String username) throws SQLException {
PreparedStatement pst= null;
ResultSet rs=null;
User user=null;
if (con != null) {
String sql = "SELECT * FROM user where uname=?" ;
Object[] params = {username};
//通过用户提交的信息查询用户
//BaseDao查询用户,返回结果集
rs = BaseDao.execute(con,sql,rs,pst,params);
if(rs.next()){
user = new User();
user.setuId(rs.getInt("uid"));
user.setuName(rs.getString("uname"));
user.setuName(rs.getString("upassword"));
user.setuName(rs.getString("ucreatetime"));
}
BaseDao.closeResource(null,pst,rs);
}
return user;
}
}5.业务层接口 UserService
public interface UserService {
//用户登录
public User login(String uname, String upassword);
}6.业务层实现类 UserServiceImpl
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
//业务层都会调用Dao层，所以要引入Dao层
private UserDao userDao;
public UserServiceImpl(){
userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
}
public User login(String uname, String upassword) {
Connection con = null;
User user = null;
try {
con = BaseDao.getConnection();
//给Dao层去执行查找
user = userDao.getLoginUser(con,uname);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
BaseDao.closeResource(con,null,null);
}
return user;
}//调用这个方法的人就能拿到用户
}7.编写servlet ：LoginServlet
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("进入Loginservlet...");
//获取用户密码
String uname = req.getParameter("uname");
String upassword = req.getParameter("upassword");
//和数据库中的数据对比，调用业务层
UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
User user = userService.login(uname, upassword);//这里已经把登陆的人给查出来了
System.out.println("查询成功");
//业务层返回了一个user
if(user!=null){
//将用户的信息放到Session中
req.getSession().setAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION,user);
System.out.println("有这个人");
//跳转到内部主页
String path = req.getContextPath();
resp.sendRedirect(path+"/jsp/frame.jsp");//跳转到主页 注意！maven需要加上前面的path
}else{//无法登陆，查无此人
//转发回登录页面，顺带提示他用户名或者密码错误·
System.out.println("查无此人");
req.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
}
前端传递通过name来传----->name表示表的名称，value表示值
8.创建Test测试检查：
我是在一些特殊的地方用sout语句检查是否正确，相对较为麻烦，不过也检查出来了错误！
三、登录功能优化
退出登录？？退出了再进入首页就进不去了，必须重新再次登录
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.getSession().removeAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
String path = req.getContextPath();
resp.sendRedirect(path+"/login.jsp");
}这也是方便后面做拦截
登陆拦截优化
为什么要拦截？用户退出以后，按理不能自进入首页了
1.建一个过滤器：
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
//过滤器。从Session获取用户
User user = (User) request.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
if(user==null){
String path = ((HttpServletRequest) req).getContextPath();
request.getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/error.jsp").forward(request,response);
}else{
chain.doFilter(request,response);
}
//
}2.注册：
<!-- 用户登录过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.tang.Filter.SysFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/jsp/*</url-pattern>
<!-- 要想访问jsp页面就得过滤-->
</filter-mapping>
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