用DataGridView读取和更新数据

将DataGridView 控件连接到数据

1. 实现一个用于处理数据库数据检索的详细信息的方法。下面的代码示例实现一个 GetData 方法，该方法对一个 SqlDataAdapter 组件进行初始化，并使用该组件填充 DataTable。然后，将 DataTable 绑定到 BindingSource 组件。请确保将 connectionString 变量的值设置为与数据库相应的值。您将需要访问安装了 Northwind SQL Server 示例数据库的服务器。

   Private Sub GetData( ByVal selectCommand As String)
   
       Try
           ' Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a
           ' valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
           ' database accessible to your system.
           Dim connectionString As String = _
               "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" + _
               "Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost"
   
           ' Create a new data adapter based on the specified query.
           Me.dataAdapter = New SqlDataAdapter(selectCommand, connectionString)
   
           ' Create a command builder to generate SQL update, insert, and
           ' delete commands based on selectCommand. These are used to
           ' update the database.
           Dim commandBuilder As New SqlCommandBuilder( Me.dataAdapter)
   
           ' Populate a new data table and bind it to the BindingSource.
           Dim table As New DataTable()
           table.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
           Me.dataAdapter.Fill(table)
           Me.bindingSource1.DataSource = table
   
           ' Resize the DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded content.
           Me.dataGridView1.AutoResizeColumns( _
               DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCellsExceptHeader)
       Catch ex As SqlException
           MessageBox.Show( "To run this example, replace the value of the " + _
               "connectionString variable with a connection string that is " + _
               "valid for your system.")
       End Try
   
   End Sub
   

2. 在窗体的 Load 事件处理程序中，将 DataGridView 控件绑定到 BindingSource 组件，并调用 GetData 方法从数据库中检索数据。

   Private Sub Form1_Load( ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
       Handles Me.Load
   
       ' Bind the DataGridView to the BindingSource
       ' and load the data from the database.
       Me.dataGridView1.DataSource = Me.bindingSource1
       GetData( "select * from Customers")
   
   End Sub
   

下面的完整代码示例提供的按钮用于从数据库重新加载数据和向数据库提交更改。

Imports System Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Public Class Form1
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form

    Private dataGridView1 As New DataGridView()
    Private bindingSource1 As New BindingSource()
    Private dataAdapter As New SqlDataAdapter()
    Private WithEvents reloadButton As New Button()
    Private WithEvents submitButton As New Button()

    <STAThreadAttribute()> _
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Application.Run( New Form1())
    End Sub

    ' Initialize the form.
    Public Sub New()

        Me.dataGridView1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill

        Me.reloadButton.Text = "reload"
        Me.submitButton.Text = "submit"

        Dim panel As New FlowLayoutPanel()
        panel.Dock = DockStyle.Top
        panel.AutoSize = True
        panel.Controls.AddRange( New Control() {Me.reloadButton, Me.submitButton})

        Me.Controls.AddRange( New Control() {Me.dataGridView1, panel})
        Me.Text = "DataGridView databinding and updating demo"

    End Sub

    Private Sub Form1_Load( ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
        Handles Me.Load

        ' Bind the DataGridView to the BindingSource
        ' and load the data from the database.
        Me.dataGridView1.DataSource = Me.bindingSource1
        GetData( "select * from Customers")

    End Sub

    Private Sub reloadButton_Click( ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
        Handles reloadButton.Click

        ' Reload the data from the database.
        GetData( Me.dataAdapter.SelectCommand.CommandText)

    End Sub

    Private Sub submitButton_Click( ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
        Handles submitButton.Click

        ' Update the database with the user's changes.
        Me.dataAdapter.Update(CType( Me.bindingSource1.DataSource, DataTable))

    End Sub

    Private Sub GetData( ByVal selectCommand As String)

        Try
            ' Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a
            ' valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
            ' database accessible to your system.
            Dim connectionString As String = _
                "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" + _
                "Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost"

            ' Create a new data adapter based on the specified query.
            Me.dataAdapter = New SqlDataAdapter(selectCommand, connectionString)

            ' Create a command builder to generate SQL update, insert, and
            ' delete commands based on selectCommand. These are used to
            ' update the database.
            Dim commandBuilder As New SqlCommandBuilder( Me.dataAdapter)

            ' Populate a new data table and bind it to the BindingSource.
            Dim table As New DataTable()
            table.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
            Me.dataAdapter.Fill(table)
            Me.bindingSource1.DataSource = table

            ' Resize the DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded content.
            Me.dataGridView1.AutoResizeColumns( _
                DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCellsExceptHeader)
        Catch ex As SqlException
            MessageBox.Show( "To run this example, replace the value of the " + _
                "connectionString variable with a connection string that is " + _
                "valid for your system.")
        End Try

    End Sub

End Class