android架构师之路——插件化换肤

简介

1. 模块化：将一个项目的可以共享的部分抽取出来，形成独立的lib
2. 组件化：组件化本来就是模块化的概念。核心是模块角色的可转化换性，在打包时，是library；调试时，时application
3. 插件化：将一个完整的工程，按业务划分为不同的插件，来化整为零，相互配合。插件化的单位是apk(一个完成的应用)。                 可以实现apk 的动态加载，动态更新，比组件化更灵活。

我们这里将以插件化方式，实现一个换肤的功能，通过宿主app的ProxyActivity加载子类app的mainactivity

实现方式

项目目录结构：

• app就是宿主app，依赖lib_base_plugin
• douban就是需要替换的apk，依赖lib_base_plugin
• lib_base_plugin是公共方法，以及接口

app中的 PluginManager类中  加载sdcard中的plugin.apk文件，得到这个文件中的资源文件resources以及dex加载方式dexClassLoader 

  public void loadPath(Context context) {
        File filesDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
        String name = "plugin.apk";
        String path = new File(filesDir, name).getAbsolutePath();
        Log.d(TAG, "--path--" + path);
        PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
        packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageArchiveInfo(path, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
        //activity
        File dex = new File(filesDir, "dex");
        dexClassLoader = new DexClassLoader(path, dex.getAbsolutePath(), null, context.getClassLoader());
        //resource
        try {
            AssetManager manager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
            Method addAssetPath = AssetManager.class.getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
            addAssetPath.invoke(manager, path);
            resources = new Resources(manager,
                    context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(),
                    context.getResources().getConfiguration());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

 lib_base_plugin中的PayInterfaceActivity接口，所有子类需要用插件化加载的activity，都需要继承这个接口

public interface PayInterfaceActivity {

    public void attach(Activity proxyActivity);

    /**
     *生命周期
     */
    public void onCreate(Bundle saveInstanceState);
    public void onStart();
    public void onResume();
    public void onPause();
    public void onStop();
    public void onDestroy();
    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState);
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event);
    public void onBackPressed();
}

在douban中用一个BaseActivity继承PayInterfaceActivity，这里的oncreate  onStart onResume等，都是PayInterfaceActivity中的方法

public class BaseActivity extends Activity implements PayInterfaceActivity {
    protected Activity that;

    @Override
    public void attach(Activity proxyActivity) {
        this.that = proxyActivity;
    }

    @Override
    public void setContentView(View view) {
        if(that != null){
            that.setContentView(view);
        } else {
            super.setContentView(view);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
        if(that != null){
            that.setContentView(layoutResID);
        } else {
            super.setContentView(layoutResID);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
        Intent m  = new Intent();
        m.putExtra("className",intent.getComponent().getClassName());
        that.startActivity(m);
    }

    @Override
    public View findViewById(int id) {
        return that.findViewById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle saveInstanceState) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {

    }

    @Override
    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {

    }
}

在douban中的MainActivity我们就只写了一个文字

public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity {

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="豆瓣中的MainActivity"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

 我们要将douban中的MainActivity加载到ProxyActivity，我们来看一下ProxyActivity中主要的方法

重写了activity的getClassLoader方法，返回的是子类APP的getDexClassLoader

重写了activity的getResources方法，返回子类APP的getResources

就是通过这两个方法，修改了宿主app的加载方式

    //重写加载类
    @Override
    public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
        return PluginManager.getInstance().getDexClassLoader();
    }

    //重写加载资源
    @Override
    public Resources getResources() {
        return PluginManager.getInstance().getResources();
    }

看一下ProxyActivity完整代码

public class ProxyActivity extends Activity {
    private static final String TAG = "ProxyActivity";
    //需要加载插件的全类名
    private String className;
    PayInterfaceActivity payInterfaceActivity;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        className = getIntent().getStringExtra("className");
        Log.e(TAG, "---className--" + className);
        try {
            //TaoMainActivity
            Class<?> aClass = getClassLoader().loadClass(className);
            Constructor constructor = aClass.getConstructor(new Class[]{});
            Object in = constructor.newInstance(new Object[]{});
            payInterfaceActivity = (PayInterfaceActivity) in;
            payInterfaceActivity.attach(this);

            //如果需要参数，可以使用Bundle
            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
            payInterfaceActivity.onCreate(bundle);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
        String className = intent.getStringExtra("className");
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, ProxyActivity.class);
        intent1.putExtra("className", className);
        super.startActivity(intent1);
    }

    //重写加载类
    @Override
    public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
        return PluginManager.getInstance().getDexClassLoader();
    }

    //重写加载资源
    @Override
    public Resources getResources() {
        return PluginManager.getInstance().getResources();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        payInterfaceActivity.onStart();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        payInterfaceActivity.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        payInterfaceActivity.onStop();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        payInterfaceActivity.onDestroy();
    }
}

 app中的MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                load();
            }
        });

    }

    public void load() {
            PluginManager.getInstance().loadPath(this);
    }

    public void click(View view) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, ProxyActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("className", PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo().activities[0].name);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

注意事项：

1. ProxyActivity的android:launchMode="standard"，必须是standard，因为我们每一个activity其实都是ProxyActivity，如果设置为singleTask，返回就没有用了
2. PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo().activities[0].name得到的activity是AndroidManifest.xml中你注册的activity顺序来算的
3. 需要将子类app生成的plugin.apk放置在sdcard中，并且开启读取权限

demo下载地址demo下载