Android MediaProjection截屏与录屏（surfaceview截图）（一）

MediaProjection 和 MediaProjectionManager 是 Android 5.0 开放的屏幕截图与录制视频的接口，它可以用来对 surfaceview 进行截图，解决以前 surfaceview 截图出现黑屏的问题（就是问了这个问题来的，5.0以下没找到方法）。

MediaProjectionManager 是一个系统级的服务，可以通过 getSystemService 来获取实例：

MediaProjectionManager mMediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager)
                getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);

然后调用mMediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent()，这里会弹出授权的dialog：

startActivityForResult(
                    mMediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(),
                    REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION);

重写onActivityResult()方法，获取授权结果：

    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION) {
            if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {
                Log.d(TAG, "User cancelled");
                Toast.makeText(this, "User cancelled", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return;
            }
            if (this == null) {
                return;
            }
            Log.d(TAG, "Starting screen capture");
            mResultCode = resultCode;
            mResultData = data;
            setUpMediaProjection();
            setUpVirtualDisplay();
            //继续执行截图或者录屏操作
            // do somthing...
        }
    }

然后创建MediaProjection 的实例：

    private void setUpMediaProjection() {
        mMediaProjection = mMediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(mResultCode, mResultData);
    }

截图

接着创建VirtualDisplay实例：

    private void setUpVirtualDisplay() {
            mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay("ScreenCapture",
                    mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight, mScreenDensity,
                    DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR,
                    mImageReader.getSurface(), null, null);
    }

此处是截图时的代码，所以上面surface参数传入的是：
mImageReader.getSurface()

ImageReader 的创建：

    ImageReader mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight, 0x1, 2);

截图是通过ImageReader.acquireLatestImage() 获取当前屏幕的Image， 然后再获取Bitmap保存：

    private void startCapture() {
        mImageName = System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png";
        Log.i(TAG, "image name is : " + mImageName);
        Image image = mImageReader.acquireLatestImage();
        if (image == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "image is null.");
            return;
        }
        int width = image.getWidth();
        int height = image.getHeight();
        final Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
        final ByteBuffer buffer = planes[0].getBuffer();
        int pixelStride = planes[0].getPixelStride();
        int rowStride = planes[0].getRowStride();
        int rowPadding = rowStride - pixelStride * width;
        mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width + rowPadding / pixelStride, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        mBitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(buffer);
        mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
        image.close();

        if (mBitmap != null) {
            // 保存或者显示...
        }
    }

录屏

录屏是通过MediaCadec， 初始化MediaCadec：

    private void configureMedia() {
        MediaFormat mediaFormat = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat("video/avc", mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight);
        mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, 6000000);
        mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, 30);
        mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT, MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatSurface);
        mediaFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, 2);
        try {
            mMediaCodec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType("video/avc");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        mMediaCodec.configure(mediaFormat, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);
        mSurface = mMediaCodec.createInputSurface();
        mMediaCodec.start();
    }

创建VirtualDisplay实例：

            mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay("record_screen",
                    mWindowWidth, mWindowHeight, mScreenDensity,
                    DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR,
                    mSurface, null, null);

此处与截图方法出入的surface参数不一样。
开始录屏：

    private void startRecord() {
        try {
            mMuxer = new MediaMuxer(mVideoPath + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".mp4", MediaMuxer.OutputFormat.MUXER_OUTPUT_MPEG_4);
            recordVirtualDisplay();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            release();
        }
    }

    private void recordVirtualDisplay() {
        while (!mIsQuit.get()) {
            int index = mMediaCodec.dequeueOutputBuffer(mBufferInfo, 10000);
            Log.d(TAG, "dequeue output buffer index=" + index);
            if (index == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) {//后续输出格式变化
                resetOutputFormat();
            } else if (index == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) {//请求超时
                Log.d(TAG, "retrieving buffers time out!");
                try {
                    // wait 10ms
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                }
            } else if (index >= 0) {//有效输出
                if (!mMuxerStarted) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("MediaMuxer dose not call addTrack(format) ");
                }
                encodeToVideoTrack(index);
                mMediaCodec.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false);
            }
        }
    }

    private void resetOutputFormat() {
        // should happen before receiving buffers, and should only happen once
        if (mMuxerStarted) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("output format already changed!");
        }
        MediaFormat newFormat = mMediaCodec.getOutputFormat();

        Log.d(TAG, "output format changed.\n new format: " + newFormat.toString());
        mVideoTrackIndex = mMuxer.addTrack(newFormat);
        mMuxer.start();
        mMuxerStarted = true;
        Log.i(TAG, "started media muxer, videoIndex=" + mVideoTrackIndex);
    }

    private void encodeToVideoTrack(int index) {
        ByteBuffer encodedData = mMediaCodec.getOutputBuffer(index);

        if ((mBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG) != 0) {//是编码需要的特定数据，不是媒体数据
            // The codec config data was pulled out and fed to the muxer when we got
            // the INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED status.
            // Ignore it.
            Log.d(TAG, "ignoring BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG");
            mBufferInfo.size = 0;
        }
        if (mBufferInfo.size == 0) {
            Log.d(TAG, "info.size == 0, drop it.");
            encodedData = null;
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "got buffer, info: size=" + mBufferInfo.size
                    + ", presentationTimeUs=" + mBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs
                    + ", offset=" + mBufferInfo.offset);
        }
        if (encodedData != null) {
            encodedData.position(mBufferInfo.offset);
            encodedData.limit(mBufferInfo.offset + mBufferInfo.size);
            mMuxer.writeSampleData(mVideoTrackIndex, encodedData, mBufferInfo);//写入
            Log.i(TAG, "sent " + mBufferInfo.size + " bytes to muxer...");
        }
    }

    private void recordStop() {
        mIsQuit.set(true);
    }

    private void release() {
        mIsQuit.set(false);
        mMuxerStarted = false;
        Log.i(TAG, " release() ");
        if (mMediaCodec != null) {
            mMediaCodec.stop();
            mMediaCodec.release();
            mMediaCodec = null;
        }
        if (mVirtualDisplay != null) {
            mVirtualDisplay.release();
            mVirtualDisplay = null;
        }
        if (mMuxer != null) {
            mMuxer.stop();
            mMuxer.release();
            mMuxer = null;
        }
    }

这样录屏文件就会保存的指定路径。

部分代码参考他人，不喜可以喷~~

Github:Demo

Android MediaProjection截屏与录屏（ScreenCapture Library 的使用）（二）