17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

Given a digit string, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.

A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below.

Input:Digit string “23”
Output: [“ad”, “ae”, “af”, “bd”, “be”, “bf”, “cd”, “ce”, “cf”].
Note:
Although the above answer is in lexicographical order, your answer could be in any order you want.

思路1：利用一个递归遍历

unordered_map<char, string> data = { { '2', "abc" }, { '3', "def" }, 
 { '4', "ghi" }, { '5', "jkl" }, { '6', "mno" }, { '7', "pqrs" },
 { '8', "tuv" }, { '9', "wxyz" } };

void dfs_letter(string &digits, int pos,string str, vector<string>& res){
    if (str.size() == digits.size()){
        res.push_back(str);
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < data[digits[pos]].size(); i++){
        dfs_letter(digits, pos + 1, str + data[digits[pos]][i], res);
    }
}

vector<string> letterCombinations1(string digits) {
    vector<string> str;
    if (digits == "")return str;
    dfs_letter(digits, 0, "", str);
    return str;
}

思路2：利用一个循环过程

unordered_map<char, string> data = { { '2', "abc" }, { '3', "def" }, 
 { '4', "ghi" }, { '5', "jkl" }, { '6', "mno" }, { '7', "pqrs" },
 { '8', "tuv" }, { '9', "wxyz" } };

vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {
    vector<string> str;
    if (digits == "")return str;

    vector<string> v({ "" });
    for (int i = 0; i < digits.size(); i++){
        vector<string> temp;
        for (int j = 0; j < v.size(); j++){
            for (int k = 0; k < data[digits[i]].size(); k++){
                temp.push_back(v[j] + data[digits[i]][k]);
            }
        }
        v = temp;
    }
    return v;
}