linux网络编程基础

代码类博客

errwrap.h

#ifndef __ERRWRAP__H
#define __ERRWRAP__H

void perr_exit(const char *s);
void err_exit(const char *s);
int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr);
void Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen);
void Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen);
void Listen(int fd, int backlog);
int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol);
ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes);
ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes);
void Close(int fd);
ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n);
ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n);

#endif

errwrap.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>

//错误处理与退出
void perr_exit(const char *s)
{
		perror(s);
		exit(1);
}

void err_exit(const char *s)
{
		printf("%s\n",s);
		exit(1);
}

//发生连接错误或者被信号中断后，将再次进入accept。
int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr)
{
		int n;
again:
		if ( (n = accept(fd, sa, salenptr)) < 0) {
				if ((errno == ECONNABORTED) || (errno == EINTR))
						goto again;
				else
						perr_exit("accept error");
		}
		return n;
}

void Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
		if (bind(fd, sa, salen) < 0)
				perr_exit("bind error");
}

void Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
		if (connect(fd, sa, salen) < 0)
				perr_exit("connect error");
}

void Listen(int fd, int backlog)
{
		if (listen(fd, backlog) < 0)
				perr_exit("listen error");
}

int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol)
{
		int n;
		if ( (n = socket(family, type, protocol)) < 0)
				perr_exit("socket error");
		return n;
}

//没有读取到数据，失败原因是因为信号中断，则重新读取
ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
		ssize_t n;
again:
		if ( (n = read(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
				if (errno == EINTR)
						goto again;
				else
						return -1;
		}
		return n;
}

ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
		ssize_t n;
again:
		if ( (n = write(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
				if (errno == EINTR)
						goto again;
				else
						return -1;
		}
		return n;
}

void Close(int fd)
{
		if (close(fd) == -1)
				perr_exit("close error");
}

ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n)
{
		size_t nleft;
		ssize_t nread;
		char *ptr;
		ptr = vptr;
		nleft = n;
		while (nleft > 0) {
				if ( (nread = read(fd, ptr, nleft)) < 0) {
						if (errno == EINTR)
								nread = 0;
						else
								return -1;
				} else if (nread == 0)
						break;
				nleft -= nread;
				ptr += nread;
		}
		return n - nleft;
}

ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n)
{
		size_t nleft;
		ssize_t nwritten;
		const char *ptr;
		ptr = vptr;
		nleft = n;
		while (nleft > 0) {
				if ( (nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0) {
						if (nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)
							nwritten = 0;
						else
								return -1;
				}
				nleft -= nwritten;
				ptr += nwritten;
		}
		return n;
}

TCP编程示例——服务器##server.c

#include <sys/types.h>      
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include "errwrap.h"

#define SERVER_PORT 8000
#define MAXLINE 4096

int main()
{
	struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr,ClientAddr;
	int sock_fd,addr_len,con_fd,len,i,pid;
	char ipstr[128];
	char buf[MAXLINE];
	//1.socket
	sock_fd=Socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	//2.bind
	bzero(&ServerAddr,sizeof(ServerAddr));
	//地址族协议IPv4
	ServerAddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
	//ip地址与端口
	ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	ServerAddr.sin_port=htons(SERVER_PORT);
	Bind(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&ServerAddr,sizeof(ServerAddr));
	//3.listen
	Listen(sock_fd,128);
	while(1)
	{
		addr_len=sizeof(ClientAddr);
		//4.accept
		con_fd=Accept(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&ClientAddr,&addr_len);
		//output
		inet_ntop(AF_INET,&ClientAddr.sin_addr.s_addr,ipstr,sizeof(ipstr));
		printf("client ip is %s port is %d\n",ipstr,ntohs(ClientAddr.sin_port));
		pid=fork();
		if(pid==0)
		{
			Close(sock_fd);
			while(1)
			{
				len=Read(con_fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
				i=0;
				while(i<len)
				{
					buf[i]=toupper(buf[i]);
					i++;
				}
				buf[i]='\0';
				Write(con_fd,buf,len);
			}
			Close(con_fd);
			return 0;
		}
		else if(pid>0)
		{
			Close(con_fd);
		}
		else
		{}
	}
	Close(sock_fd);
}

TCP编程示例——客户端##client.c

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "errwrap.h"

#define SERVER_PORT 8000
#define MAXLINE 4096

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
    int confd, len;
	if (argc<2)
	{
		err_exit("命令行参数过少");
	}
	char *ipstr=argv[1];
    char buf[MAXLINE];
    //1.创建一个socket
    confd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    //2.初始化服务器地址
    bzero(&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr));
    serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, ipstr, &serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    serveraddr.sin_port  = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    //3.链接服务器
    Connect(confd, (struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr));

    //4.请求服务器处理数据
	while(fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin))
	{
			Write(confd, buf, strlen(buf));
			len = Read(confd, buf, sizeof(buf));
			Write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, len);
	}
    //5.关闭socket
    Close(confd);
    return 0;
}