Codility经典算法题之三十四：Ladder

Task description：

You have to climb up a ladder. The ladder has exactly N rungs, numbered from 1 to N. With each step, you can ascend by one or two rungs. More precisely:

• with your first step you can stand on rung 1 or 2,
• if you are on rung K, you can move to rungs K + 1 or K + 2,
• finally you have to stand on rung N.

Your task is to count the number of different ways of climbing to the top of the ladder.

For example, given N = 4, you have five different ways of climbing, ascending by:

• 1, 1, 1 and 1 rung,
• 1, 1 and 2 rungs,
• 1, 2 and 1 rung,
• 2, 1 and 1 rungs, and
• 2 and 2 rungs.

Given N = 5, you have eight different ways of climbing, ascending by:

• 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1 rung,
• 1, 1, 1 and 2 rungs,
• 1, 1, 2 and 1 rung,
• 1, 2, 1 and 1 rung,
• 1, 2 and 2 rungs,
• 2, 1, 1 and 1 rungs,
• 2, 1 and 2 rungs, and
• 2, 2 and 1 rung.

The number of different ways can be very large, so it is sufficient to return the result modulo 2P, for a given integer P.

Write a function:

class Solution { public int[] solution(int[] A, int[] B); }

that, given two non-empty arrays A and B of L integers, returns an array consisting of L integers specifying the consecutive answers; position I should contain the number of different ways of climbing the ladder with A[I] rungs modulo 2B[I].

For example, given L = 5 and:

A[0] = 4 B[0] = 3 A[1] = 4 B[1] = 2 A[2] = 5 B[2] = 4 A[3] = 5 B[3] = 3 A[4] = 1 B[4] = 1

the function should return the sequence [5, 1, 8, 0, 1], as explained above.

Assume that:

• L is an integer within the range [1..50,000];
• each element of array A is an integer within the range [1..L];
• each element of array B is an integer within the range [1..30].

Complexity:

• expected worst-case time complexity is O(L);
• expected worst-case space complexity is O(L), beyond input storage (not counting the storage required for input arguments).

Solution：

def solution(A,B):#[4, 4, 5, 5, 1]
    fib = [1,1]
    while fib[-1] <= max(A):
        fib.append(fib[-1] + fib[-2])  
    ways = []
    for i in A:
        ways.append(fib[i])
    result = []
    for i in range(len(B)):
        result.append(ways[i]%(2**B[i]))
    return result