golang buffered channel demo

package main

import (
	"sync"
	"fmt"
	"time"
)

type numPipe struct {
	Mu sync.Mutex
	Nums chan int
}

// 向管道写入数据
func push(np numPipe, num int, sleep int) {
	np.Mu.Lock()
	for i := 0; i < sleep; {
		time.Sleep(time.Second)
		i += 1
	}
	np.Nums <- num
	np.Mu.Unlock()
}

// 从管道读取数据并打印
func pop(np numPipe) {
	defer np.Mu.Unlock()
	np.Mu.Lock()
	fmt.Println(<-np.Nums)
}

func main() {
	np := numPipe{
		sync.Mutex{},
		make(chan int, 10),
	}
	var wg sync.WaitGroup

	// 模拟随机写入数据
	for i := 0; i < 11; {
		go push(np, i, i)
		i += 1
	}

	// 告知主协程有子协程需要等待
	wg.Add(1)
	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		lastPoppedAt := time.Now()
		for {
			// 如果管道中有数据则读取，避免deadlock
			if len(np.Nums) > 0 {
				fmt.Println("Popping")
				lastPoppedAt = time.Now()
				pop(np)
			} else {
				// 等待时间超过15s则退出
				if time.Now().Sub(lastPoppedAt) > (time.Second * 15) {
					fmt.Println("Too long to wait")
					break
				}
				time.Sleep(time.Second)
			}
		}
	}()

	// 开始等待，主协程还不能结束
	wg.Wait()
}

执行结果

$ go run buffer_ch.go
Popping
0
Popping
1
Popping
2
Popping
3
Popping
4
Popping
5
Popping
6
Popping
7
Popping
8
Popping
9
Popping
10
Too long to wait