XML学习（二）-四种XML文件写入方式

于 2017-05-09 10:27:21 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010248330/article/details/71439529
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声明：本博文是基于慕课网《java眼中的xml文件写入》视频的学习。文中的资源来自于慕课网
1.DOM方式

package com.xml.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class DOMCreateTest {
    public DocumentBuilder getDocumentBuilder() throws Exception{
        // 创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        // 创建一个DocumentBuilder对象
        DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
        return db;

    }
    /*生成xml*/
    public void createXML() throws Exception{
        DocumentBuilder db=getDocumentBuilder();
        Document document=db.newDocument();
        Element bookstore=document.createElement("bookStore");
        //向bookstore根节点中添加字节点book
        Element book=document.createElement("book");
        Element name=document.createElement("name");
        book.appendChild(name);
        name.setTextContent("小王子");
        book.setAttribute("id", "1");
        //将book节点添加到bookstore根节点中
        bookstore.appendChild(book);
        //将bookstore节点（已经包含了book）,添加到dom树中
        document.appendChild(bookstore);
        //创建TransformerFactory对象
        TransformerFactory tff=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        //创建Transformer对象
        Transformer tf=tff.newTransformer();
        //换行文件内容
        tf.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
       // tf.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.STANDALONE, "no");
        tf.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File("source/newbook.xml")));
    }    
    public static void main(String []args) throws Exception{
        DOMCreateTest test=new DOMCreateTest();
        test .createXML();
    }

}

2.SAX方式

package com.xml.create;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;

public class SAXTestCreate {

    public void createXML() {
        Book b1 = new Book();
        b1.setId("1");
        b1.setName("冰与火之歌");
        b1.setAuthor("乔治马丁");
        b1.setYear("2014");
        b1.setPrice("89");
        Book b2 = new Book();
        b2.setId("2");
        b2.setName("安徒生童话");
        b2.setAuthor("乔治马丁");
        b2.setYear("2004");
        b2.setPrice("77");
        b2.setLanguage("English");
        ArrayList<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();
        bookList.add(b1);
        bookList.add(b2);
        // 生成xml
        // 1.创建一个TransformerFactory类的对象
        SAXTransformerFactory tff = (SAXTransformerFactory) SAXTransformerFactory
                .newInstance();
        try {
            // 2.通过SAXTransformerFactory对象创建一个TransformerHandler对象
            TransformerHandler handler = tff.newTransformerHandler();
            // 3.通过handler对象创建一个Transformer对象
            Transformer tr = handler.getTransformer();
            // 4.通过Transformer对象对生成的xml文件进行设置
            // 设置xml的编码
            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
            // 设置xml的“是否换行”
            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
            // 5.创建一个Result对象
            File f = new File("source/newbook.xml");
            if (!f.exists()) {
                f.createNewFile();
            }
            // 6.创建Result对象，并且使其与handler关联
            Result result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(f));
            handler.setResult(result);
            // 7.利用handler对象进行xml文件内容的编写O
            // 打开document
            handler.startDocument();
            AttributesImpl attr = new AttributesImpl();
            handler.startElement("", "", "bookstore", attr);

            for (Book book : bookList) {
                attr.clear();
                attr.addAttribute("", "", "id", "", book.getId());
                handler.startElement("", "", "book", attr);
                // 创建name节点
                if (book.getName() != null && !book.getName().trim().equals("")) {
                    attr.clear();
                    handler.startElement("", "", "name", attr);
                    handler.characters(book.getName().toCharArray(), 0, book
                            .getName().length());
                    handler.endElement("", "", "name");
                }
                // 创建year节点
                if (book.getYear() != null && !book.getYear().trim().equals("")) {
                    attr.clear();
                    handler.startElement("", "", "year", attr);
                    handler.characters(book.getYear().toCharArray(), 0, book
                            .getYear().length());
                    handler.endElement("", "", "year");
                }
                // 创建author节点
                if (book.getAuthor() != null && !book.getAuthor().trim().equals("")) {
                    attr.clear();
                    handler.startElement("", "", "author", attr);
                    handler.characters(book.getAuthor().toCharArray(), 0, book
                            .getAuthor().length());
                    handler.endElement("", "", "author");
                }
                // 创建price节点
                if (book.getPrice() != null && !book.getPrice().trim().equals("")) {
                    attr.clear();
                    handler.startElement("", "", "price", attr);
                    handler.characters(book.getPrice().toCharArray(), 0, book
                            .getPrice().length());
                    handler.endElement("", "", "price");
                }
                // 创建language节点
                if (book.getLanguage() != null && !book.getLanguage().trim().equals("")) {
                    attr.clear();
                    handler.startElement("", "", "language", attr);
                    handler.characters(book.getLanguage().toCharArray(), 0, book
                            .getLanguage().length());
                    handler.endElement("", "", "language");
                }
                handler.endElement("", "", "book");
            }
            handler.endElement("", "", "bookstore");
            // 关闭document
            handler.endDocument();

        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SAXTestCreate test = new SAXTestCreate();
        test.createXML();
    }

}
package com.xml.create;

public class Book {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private String year;
    private String price;
    private String language;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    public String getYear() {
        return year;
    }
    public void setYear(String year) {
        this.year = year;
    }
    public String getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(String price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getLanguage() {
        return language;
    }
    public void setLanguage(String language) {
        this.language = language;
    }

}

3.DOM4J方式

package com.xml.create;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class DOM4JTest {
    private void createXML(){
        //1.创建document对象，代表整个xml文档
        Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        //2.创建根节点rss
        Element rss = document.addElement("rss");
        //3.向rss节点中添加version属性
        rss.addAttribute("version", "2.0");
        //4.生成子节点及节点内容
        Element channel = rss.addElement("channel");
        Element title = channel.addElement("title");
        title.setText("<![CDATA[上海移动互联网产业促进中心正式揭牌 ]]>");
        //5.设置生成xml的格式
        OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        format.setEncoding("GBK");
        //6.生成xml文件
        File file = new File("source/rssnews.xml");
        XMLWriter writer;
        try {
            writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);
            //设置是否转义，默认值是true，代表转义
            writer.setEscapeText(false);
            writer.write(document);
            writer.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DOM4JTest().createXML();
    }

}

4.JDOM方式

package com.xml.create;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.output.Format;
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;

import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.util.xml.CDATA;


public class JDOMTestCreate {

    private void createXML() {
        //1.生成一个根节点
        Element rss = new Element("rss");
        //2.为节点添加属性
        rss.setAttribute("version", "2.0");
        //3.生成一个document对象
        Document document = new Document(rss);
        Element channel = new Element("channel");
        rss.addContent(channel);
        Element title = new Element("title");
        title.setText("<![CDATA[上海移动互联网产业促进中心正式揭牌 ]]>");

        channel.addContent(title);

        Format format = Format.getCompactFormat();
        format.setIndent("");
        format.setEncoding("GBK");


        //4.创建XMLOutputter的对象
        XMLOutputter outputer = new XMLOutputter(format);

        try {
            //5.利用outputer将document对象转换成xml文档
            outputer.output(document, new FileOutputStream(new File("source/rssnews.xml")));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JDOMTestCreate creater = new JDOMTestCreate();
        creater.createXML();
    }

}

性能比较：

package com.xml.create;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.jdom.output.Format;
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;

import com.xml.parse.ParseTest;


public class CreateTest {

    /**
     * DOM方式生成xml文档
     */
    private void DOMCreateXML() {
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder db = null;
        try {
            db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Document document = db.newDocument();
        document.setXmlStandalone(true);
        Element bookstore = document.createElement("bookStore");
        Element book = document.createElement("book");
        Element name = document.createElement("name");
        name.setTextContent("小王子");
        book.appendChild(name);
        book.setAttribute("id", "1");
        bookstore.appendChild(book);
        document.appendChild(bookstore);
        TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        try {
            Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
            tf.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
            tf.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File(
                    "source/books1.xml")));
        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TransformerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * SAX方式生成xml文档
     */
    public void SAXCreateXML() {
        SAXTransformerFactory tff = (SAXTransformerFactory) SAXTransformerFactory
                .newInstance();
        try {
            TransformerHandler handler = tff.newTransformerHandler();
            Transformer tr = handler.getTransformer();
            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
            File f = new File("source/books2.xml");
            if (!f.exists()) {
                f.createNewFile();
            }
            Result result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(f));
            handler.setResult(result);
            handler.startDocument();
            AttributesImpl attr = new AttributesImpl();
            handler.startElement("", "", "bookstore", attr);
            attr.clear();
            attr.addAttribute("", "", "id", "", "1");
            handler.startElement("", "", "book", attr);
            attr.clear();
            handler.startElement("", "", "name", attr);
            handler.characters("小王子".toCharArray(), 0, "小王子".length());
            handler.endElement("", "", "name");

            handler.endElement("", "", "book");
            handler.endElement("", "", "bookstore");
            handler.endDocument();

        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * JDOM方式生成xml文档
     */
    private void JDOMCreateXML() {
        org.jdom.Element bookstore = new org.jdom.Element("bookstore");
        org.jdom.Document document = new org.jdom.Document(bookstore);

        org.jdom.Element book = new org.jdom.Element("book");
        book.setAttribute("id", "1");
        org.jdom.Element name = new org.jdom.Element("name");
        name.setText("小王子");
        book.addContent(name);
        bookstore.addContent(book);
        Format format = Format.getCompactFormat();
        format.setIndent("");
        format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        XMLOutputter outputer = new XMLOutputter(format);
        try {
            outputer.output(document, new FileOutputStream(new File("source/books3.xml")));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * DOM4J方式生成xml文档
     */
    private void DOM4JCreateXML(){
        org.dom4j.Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        org.dom4j.Element bookstore = document.addElement("bookstore");
        org.dom4j.Element book = bookstore.addElement("book");
        book.addAttribute("id", "1");
        org.dom4j.Element name = book.addElement("name");
        name.setText("小王子");
        OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        File file = new File("source/books4.xml");
        XMLWriter writer;
        try {
            writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);
            writer.setEscapeText(false);
            writer.write(document);
            writer.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    public void testPerformance() throws Exception{
        System.out.println("性能测试:");
        //测试DOM的性能:
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        DOMCreateXML();
        System.out.println("DOM:"+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
        //测试SAX的性能:
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        SAXCreateXML();
        System.out.println("SAX:"+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) );
        //测试JDOM的性能:
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        JDOMCreateXML();
        System.out.println("JDOM:"+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) );
        //测试DOM4J的性能:
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        DOM4JCreateXML();
        System.out.println("DOM4J:"+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) );
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            new CreateTest().testPerformance();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

实验结果：
这里写图片描述

还是那句话，多测几组数据取平均值，以及对xml进行扩展至1MB左右试试。

迪迪调调
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