C语言编写获取Linux本地目录及本机信息的小程序及获取系统内存、cpu、硬盘等信息实例

展示目录的小程序
展示指定目录的小程序：
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
  
void printdir(char *dir,int depth){
  DIR *dp;
  struct dirent *entry;
  struct stat statbuf;
  
  if((dp = opendir(dir)) == NULL){
    fprintf(stderr, "cannot open directory: %s\n", dir);
    return;
  }
  
  chdir(dir);
  while((entry = readdir(dp)) != NULL){
    lstat(entry->d_name,&statbuf);
    if(S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)){
      /*Found a directory,but ignore . and ..*/
      if(strcmp(".",entry->d_name) == 0 || strcmp("..",entry->d_name) == 0){
        continue;
      }
      printf("%*s%s/ \n",depth,"",entry->d_name);
      /*Recurse at a new indent level*/
      printdir(entry->d_name,depth+4);
    }else{
      printf("%*s%s \n",depth,"",entry->d_name);
    }
  
  }
}
int main(){
  /*
  show directory
  */
  printf("Directory scan of /home:\n");
  printdir("/home",0);
  printf("done. \n");
    
  exit(0);
}
根据参数输出目录的结构
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
  
void printdir(char *dir,int depth){
  DIR *dp;
  struct dirent *entry;
  struct stat statbuf;
  
  if((dp = opendir(dir)) == NULL){
    fprintf(stderr, "cannot open directory: %s\n", dir);
    return;
  }
  
  chdir(dir);
  while((entry = readdir(dp)) != NULL){
    lstat(entry->d_name,&statbuf);
    if(S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)){
      /*Found a directory,but ignore . and ..*/
      if(strcmp(".",entry->d_name) == 0 || strcmp("..",entry->d_name) == 0){
        continue;
      }
      printf("%*s%s/ \n",depth,"",entry->d_name);
      /*Recurse at a new indent level*/
      printdir(entry->d_name,depth+4);
    }else{
      printf("%*s%s \n",depth,"",entry->d_name);
    }
  
  }
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
  /*
  show directory
  */
  char *topdir = ".";
  if(argc >= 2){
    topdir = argv[1];
  }
  printf("Directory scan of %s:\n",topdir);
  printdir(topdir,0);
  printf("done. \n");
    
  exit(0);
}
获取主机基本信息
获取主机用户信息:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
  
int main(){
  uid_t uid;
  gid_t gid;
  
  struct passwd *pw;
  uid = getuid();
  gid = getgid();
  
  printf("User is %s\n",getlogin());
  
  printf("User IDs: uid=%d, gid=%d \n", uid, gid);
  
  pw = getpwuid(uid);
  printf("UID passwd entry: \n name=%s, uid=%d, gid=%d, home=%s, shell=%s\n",pw->pw_name, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
  
  pw = getpwnam("root");
  printf("root passwd entry: \n");
  printf("name=%s, uid=%d, gid=%d, home=%s, shell=%s \n",pw->pw_name, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
  exit(0);
}
获取主机自身信息:
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
  
  
int main(){
  char computer[256];
  struct utsname uts;
  if(gethostname(computer, 255) != 0 || uname(&uts) < 0){
    fprintf(stderr, "Could not get host information \n");
    exit(1);
  }
  
  printf("Computer host name is %s \n",computer);
  printf("System is %s on %s hardware \n",uts.sysname, uts.machine);
  printf("Nodename is %s \n",uts.nodename);
  printf("Version is %s , %s \n",uts.release, uts.version);
  
  exit(0);
}
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
 
int main(){
  char computer[256];
  struct utsname uts;
  if(gethostname(computer, 255) != 0 || uname(&uts) < 0){
    fprintf(stderr, "Could not get host information \n");
    exit(1);
  }
 
  printf("Computer host name is %s \n",computer);
  printf("System is %s on %s hardware \n",uts.sysname, uts.machine);
  printf("Nodename is %s \n",uts.nodename);
  printf("Version is %s , %s \n",uts.release, uts.version);
 
  exit(0);
}

获取系统内存、cpu、硬盘等信息

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 void sampleLoadAvg(){
    int f=0;
    char buffer[80]="";                     /* 定义字符串并初始化为'\0' */
    char buf[5][10];
    char *file="/proc/loadavg";
    f = open(file, O_RDONLY);
    if (f == 0)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    read(f, (void *)buffer, 80);
    sscanf(buffer, "%s %s %s %s %s",          /* sscanf()拆分成多个字符串 */
           &buf[0],&buf[1],&buf[2],&buf[3],&buf[4]);
    printf("一分钟平均负载：%s\n", buf[0]);
    printf("五分钟平均负载：%s\n", buf[1]);
    printf("一刻钟平均负载：%s\n", buf[2]);
    printf("采样时刻的间隔：%s\n", buf[3]);
    printf("最大线程的数目：%s\n", buf[4]);
    close(f);
 }
 void sampleTime(){
    int f=0;
    char buffer[80]="";
    char buf[2][10];
    float seconds=0;
    float secondr=0;
    char *file="/proc/uptime";
    f = open(file, O_RDONLY);
    if (f == 0)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    read(f, (void *)buffer, 80);
    sscanf(buffer, "%s %s", &buf[0], &buf[1]);
    close(f);
    printf("系统运行时间：\t%s秒\n", buf[0]);
    printf("系统空闲时间：\t%s秒\n", buf[1]);
    close(f);
    seconds=strtof(buf[0],NULL);
    secondr=strtof(buf[1],NULL);
    printf("系统运行时间：\t%03d天%02d时%02d分%02.6f秒\n", 
           (int)seconds/(24*3600),           /* 天 */
           ((int)seconds/(3600))%(24),        /* 时 */
           ((int)seconds/60)%60,             /* 分 */
           ((int)seconds%60)+(seconds-(int)seconds)); /* 秒(精确至毫秒) */
    printf("系统空闲时间：\t%03d天%02d时%02d分%02.6f秒\n", 
           (int)secondr/(24*3600),           /* 天 */
           ((int)secondr/(3600))%(24),        /* 时 */
           ((int)secondr/60)%60,             /* 分 */
           ((int)secondr%60)+(secondr-(int)secondr)); /* 秒(精确至毫秒) */
 }
 
 void sampleKernelVersion(){
    int f=0;
    char buffer[80]="";
    char *file="/proc/sys/kernel/version";
    f = open(file, O_RDONLY);
    if (f == 0)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    read(f, (void *)buffer, 80);
    buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
    printf("当前内核版本：\t%s\n", buffer);
    close(f);
 }
 
 void sampleOsRelease(){
    int f=0;
    char buffer[80]="";
    char *file="/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease";
    f = open(file, O_RDONLY);
    if (f == 0)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    read(f, (void *)buffer, 80);
    buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;
    printf("当前发行版本：\t%s\n", buffer);
    close(f);
 }
 
 void sampleOsType(){
    int f=0;
    char buffer[80]="";
    char *file="/proc/sys/kernel/ostype";
    f = open(file, O_RDONLY);
    if (f == 0)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    read(f, (void *)buffer, 80);
    buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;
    printf("当前操作系统：\t%s\n", buffer);
    close(f);
 }
 
 void sampleDiskStat(){
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    int nread=0;
    ssize_t len = 0;
    char *buffer=NULL;
    char buf[20][32];
    char *file="/proc/diskstats";
    char *p;
    fp = fopen(file, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    printf("  磁盘  读次数  写次数\n");
    while((nread = getline(&buffer, &len, fp)) != -1) { /* 简单实现读行的功能 */
        sscanf(buffer, "%04s%08s%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s", 
              &buf[0],&buf[1],&buf[2],&buf[3],&buf[4],&buf[5],&buf[6],
              &buf[7],&buf[8],&buf[9],&buf[10],&buf[11],&buf[12],&buf[13]);
        if ((p=strstr(buf[2], "loop"))!=NULL)
        {
           ;                              /* loop本地回路不作操作 */
        }
        else {
           printf("%06s%08s%08s\n", 
                  &buf[2],&buf[3], &buf[7]);
        }
    }
 }
 
 void sampleProcesses(void)
 {
    FILE *fp;
    int nread=0;
    ssize_t len = 0;
    char *buf=NULL;
    char *buffer=NULL;
    char *file="/proc/stat";
    fp = fopen(file, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    while((nread = getline(&buffer, &len, fp)) != -1) {
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "processes"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
           break;
    }
    buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
    char count[16]="";
    sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", count, count);
    printf("执行线程数目:\t%s\n", count);
 }
 
 void sampleContext(void)
 {
    FILE *fp;
    int nread=0;
    ssize_t len = 0;
    char *buf=NULL;
    char *buffer=NULL;
    char *file="/proc/stat";
    fp = fopen(file, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    while((nread = getline(&buffer, &len, fp)) != -1) {
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "ctxt"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
           break;
    }
    buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
    char count[16]="";
    sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", count, count);
    printf("上下文切换次数:\t%s\n", count);
 }
 
 void sampleMeminfo()
 {
    FILE *fp;
    int nread=0;
    ssize_t len = 0;
    char *buf=NULL;
    char *buffer=NULL;
    char *file="/proc/meminfo";
    char content[16]="";
    fp = fopen(file, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("error to open: %s\n", file);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    while((nread = getline(&buffer, &len, fp)) != -1) {
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "MemTotal"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
        {
           buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;           /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
           sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", content, content);
           int memtotal_kb=(int)(strtof(content, NULL));
           printf("内存总容量:\t%dG%4dM %4dK\n",
                  memtotal_kb/(1024*1024),          /* Gb */
                  (memtotal_kb/(1024))%1024,        /* Mb */
                  (memtotal_kb%(1024*1024))%1024);   /* Kb */
        }
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "MemFree"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
        {
           buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
           sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", content, content);
           int memfree_kb=(int)(strtof(content, NULL));
           printf("内存可用容量:\t%dG%4dM %4dK\n",
                  memfree_kb/(1024*1024),          /* Gb */
                  (memfree_kb/(1024))%1024,        /* Mb */
                  (memfree_kb%(1024*1024))%1024);   /* Kb */
        }
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "SwapTotal"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
        {
           buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
           sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", content, content);
           int swaptotal_kb=(int)(strtof(content, NULL));
           printf("SWAP总容量:\t%dG%4dM %4dK\n",
                  swaptotal_kb/(1024*1024),          /* Gb */
                  (swaptotal_kb/(1024))%1024,        /* Mb */
                  (swaptotal_kb%(1024*1024))%1024);   /* Kb */
        }
        if((buf=strstr(buffer, "SwapFree"))!=NULL)  /* 简单实现grep的功能 */
        {
           buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]=0;               /* 简单实现tr()函数的功能 */
           sscanf(buffer, "%s%s", content, content);
           int swapfree_kb=(int)(strtof(content, NULL));
           printf("SWAP可用容量:\t%dG%4dM %4dK\n",
                  swapfree_kb/(1024*1024),          /* Gb */
                  (swapfree_kb/(1024))%1024,        /* Mb */
                  (swapfree_kb%(1024*1024))%1024);   /* Kb */
           break;                         /* 所需的信息已满足，退出循环 */
        }
    }
 }
 /* 
  * ===  FUNCTION  ======================================================================
  *        Name:  main
  *  Description:  
  * =====================================================================================
  */
 int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
 {
    printf(">>>系统负载<<<\n");
    sampleLoadAvg();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>运行时间<<<\n");
    sampleTime();
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>版本信息<<<\n");
    sampleOsType();
    sampleOsRelease();
    sampleKernelVersion();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>磁盘信息<<<\n");
    sampleDiskStat();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>上下文切换<<<\n");
    sampleContext();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>线程数目<<<\n");
    sampleProcesses();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    printf("\n");
    printf(">>>内存信息<<<\n");
    sampleMeminfo();
    printf("----------------------------------------\n");
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }