UDP 广播机制

UDP 

1，简介

UDP 为用户数据包协议，它的头为8byte数据；分别为16bit源端口号，16bit目的端口号，16bit长度，16bit校验和；它为无连接，主要用于视频传输相关的应用；因为

客户比较关注实时性； 它不需像TCP 那样，在发送数据前需建立连接； 

2，基于udp 广播的client server端实例：

client：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <linux/if.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define DDPAI_FOUND      "DDPAI_FOUND"
#define DDPAI_FOUND_ACK  "DDPAI_FOUND_ACK"
#define IFNAME "wlan0"
#define MCAST_PORT  8888

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int socketFd = -1;
    int lRtn = -1;
    struct sockaddr_in destAddr;
    struct sockaddr_in sourAddr;
    
    /*创建数据报套接字*/
    socketFd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    if(socketFd < 0)
    {
        printf("socket error:%d\n",errno);
        return -1;
    }
      
    /*设置源地址为本地广播地址*/
    bzero(&sourAddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    sourAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sourAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_BROADCAST);
    sourAddr.sin_port = htons(MCAST_PORT);

    const int broadcastOpt = 1;
    /*设置套接字为广播类型*/
    lRtn = setsockopt(socketFd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_BROADCAST,(char *)&broadcastOpt,sizeof(broadcastOpt));
    if(lRtn < 0)
    {
        printf("set socket broadcast error:%d\n",errno);
        close(socketFd);
        return -1;
    }

    /*设置套接字 发送/接收缓冲区 属性*/
    const int nSendBuf = 0;
    lRtn = setsockopt(socketFd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDBUF,(char *)&nSendBuf,sizeof(int));
    if(lRtn < 0)
    {
        close(socketFd);
        printf("setsockopt SO_SNDBUF error\n");
        return -1;    
    }

    const int nRcvBuf = 0;
    lRtn = setsockopt(socketFd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,(char *)&nRcvBuf,sizeof(int));
    if(lRtn < 0)
    {
        close(socketFd);
        printf("setsockopt SO_RCVBUF error\n");
        return -1;    
    }

    int lSize = sizeof(destAddr);

    fd_set rFdSet;
    struct timeval tv;
    sleep(1);
    int idx = 0;
    for(idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++)
    {
        lRtn = sendto(so