基于 WebService 的远程调用协议,基于 Apache CXF 的 frontend-simple 和 transports-http 实现 。
可以和原生 WebService 服务互操作,即:
- 提供者用 Dubbo 的 WebService 协议暴露服务,消费者直接用标准 WebService 接口调用,
- 或者提供方用标准 WebService 暴露服务,消费方用 Dubbo 的 WebService 协议调用
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-simple</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
特性
- 连接个数:多连接
- 连接方式:短连接
- 传输协议:HTTP
- 传输方式:同步传输
- 序列化:SOAP 文本序列化
- 适用场景:系统集成,跨语言调用
约束
- 参数及返回值需实现
Serializable
接口 - 参数尽量使用基本类型和 POJO
配置
配置协议:
<dubbo:protocol name="webservice" port="8080" server="jetty" />
配置默认协议:
<dubbo:provider protocol="webservice" />
配置服务协议:
<dubbo:service protocol="webservice" />
多端口:
<dubbo:protocol id="webservice1" name="webservice" port="8080" />
<dubbo:protocol id="webservice2" name="webservice" port="8081" />
直连:
<dubbo:reference id="helloService" interface="HelloWorld" url="webservice://10.20.153.10:8080/com.foo.HelloWorld" />
WSDL:
http://10.20.153.10:8080/com.foo.HelloWorld?wsdl
Jetty Server (默认):
<dubbo:protocol ... server="jetty" />
Servlet Bridge Server (推荐):
<dubbo:protocol ... server="servlet" />
配置 DispatcherServlet:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dubbo</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.alibaba.dubbo.remoting.http.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dubbo</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
注意,如果使用 servlet 派发请求:
- 协议的端口
<dubbo:protocol port="8080" />
必须与 servlet 容器的端口相同, - 协议的上下文路径
<dubbo:protocol contextpath="foo" />
必须与 servlet 应用的上下文路径相同。
WebserviceProtocol协议也是通过servlet容器对外暴露服务的,同样提供了doExport和doRefer两个接口对外暴露服务和引用服务。
(1)doExport:对外暴露服务,webservice服务通过servlet容器对外暴露服务
//通过servlet容器对外暴露相关接口服务
protected <T> Runnable doExport(T impl, Class<T> type, URL url) throws RpcException {
String addr = getAddr(url);
HttpServer httpServer = serverMap.get(addr);
if (httpServer == null) {
httpServer = httpBinder.bind(url, new WebServiceHandler());
serverMap.put(addr, httpServer);
}
final ServerFactoryBean serverFactoryBean = new ServerFactoryBean();
//地址信息
serverFactoryBean.setAddress(url.getAbsolutePath());
//接口类
serverFactoryBean.setServiceClass(type);
//实现类
serverFactoryBean.setServiceBean(impl);
serverFactoryBean.setBus(bus);
serverFactoryBean.setDestinationFactory(transportFactory);
serverFactoryBean.create();
return new Runnable() {
public void run() {
serverFactoryBean.destroy();
}
};
}
(2)doRefer:通过cxf框架创建相关webservice调用的代理类
protected <T> T doRefer(final Class<T> serviceType, final URL url) throws RpcException {
//代理类工厂
ClientProxyFactoryBean proxyFactoryBean = new ClientProxyFactoryBean();
//设置webservice地址信息
proxyFactoryBean.setAddress(url.setProtocol("http").toIdentityString());
//服务提供信息
proxyFactoryBean.setServiceClass(serviceType);
proxyFactoryBean.setBus(bus);
//创建相关代理信息
T ref = (T) proxyFactoryBean.create();
Client proxy = ClientProxy.getClient(ref);
HTTPConduit conduit = (HTTPConduit) proxy.getConduit();
HTTPClientPolicy policy = new HTTPClientPolicy();
policy.setConnectionTimeout(url.getParameter(Constants.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT));
policy.setReceiveTimeout(url.getParameter(Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT));
conduit.setClient(policy);
return ref;
}