(2) 从Tomcat启动开始的源码分析--Catalina启动流程

Tomcat启动分析

承接上文Bootstrap类启动都是通过Java反射机制调用Catalina类的方法。

1. org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.class

(1) start方法的流程图

主要是获取server对象,如果获取不到server对象,就调用load方法去加载server对象.
然后调用server对象的start方法,完成启动.

(2) load方法的流程图

主要是加载配置文件"conf/server.xml", 通过创建digester对象解析配置文件.
在解析配置文件之前,会先调用digester对象的push方法,传入当前的Catalina对象作为参数.
解析成功之后,server变量引用一个Server对象,默认是org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer类型的对象,然后调用server对象的setCatalina,setCatalinaHome,setCatalinaBase和init方法,进行对象初始化.

(3) start方法中为什么要使用shutdownHook?

start方法利用shutdown hook,确保用户突然退出应用程序时会执行server对象的stop方法.
Java 关闭钩子的介绍参考如下博客链接: JDK ShutdownHook - 优雅地停止服务

        // Register shutdown hook
        if (useShutdownHook) {
            if (shutdownHook == null) {
                shutdownHook = new CatalinaShutdownHook();
            }
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(shutdownHook);

            // If JULI is being used, disable JULI's shutdown hook since
            // shutdown hooks run in parallel and log messages may be lost
            // if JULI's hook completes before the CatalinaShutdownHook()
            LogManager logManager = LogManager.getLogManager();
            if (logManager instanceof ClassLoaderLogManager) {
                ((ClassLoaderLogManager) logManager).setUseShutdownHook(
                        false);
            }
        }

        if (await) {
            await();
            stop();
        }

(4) await方法

Catalina对象的start方法会调用server对象的await方法,server对象会使用一个专用的线程来等待关闭命令.await方法会循环等待,直到接收到正确的关闭命令.

(5) stop方法

当await方法返回时,Catalina对象的start方法会调用server对象的stop和destroy方法,从而关闭server对象和其他的组件.
如果使用了关闭钩子,则会在stop方法中移除原先注册的shutdownHook.

    /**
     * Stop an existing server instance.
     */
    public void stop() {

        try {
            // Remove the ShutdownHook first so that server.stop()
            // doesn't get invoked twice
            if (useShutdownHook) {
                Runtime.getRuntime().removeShutdownHook(shutdownHook);

                // If JULI is being used, re-enable JULI's shutdown to ensure
                // log messages are not lost
                LogManager logManager = LogManager.getLogManager();
                if (logManager instanceof ClassLoaderLogManager) {
                    ((ClassLoaderLogManager) logManager).setUseShutdownHook(
                            true);
                }
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
            // This will fail on JDK 1.2. Ignoring, as Tomcat can run
            // fine without the shutdown hook.
        }

        // Shut down the server
        try {
            Server s = getServer();
            LifecycleState state = s.getState();
            if (LifecycleState.STOPPING_PREP.compareTo(state) <= 0
                    && LifecycleState.DESTROYED.compareTo(state) >= 0) {
                // Nothing to do. stop() was already called
            } else {
                s.stop();
                s.destroy();
            }
        } catch (LifecycleException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("catalina.stopError"), e);
        }

    }