安卓之Fragment详解

两种创建Fragment的方式：

1.在layout中添加<Fragment/>

2.在Activity中动态添加。

在layout中添加<Fragment/>：

在activity_main.xml中添加一个fragment：

<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <fragment android:name="com.example.fragmenttest.MyFragment"
        android:id="@+id/fragment"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/linear"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_below="@id/fragment">
     <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn3"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="btn3"      
        />
     </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>
</span>

有几点需要注意：

fragment android:name="com.example.fragmenttest.MyFragment"是我们自己建的MyFragment类。

创建一个Fragment和创建一个Activity很类似，继承Fragment类，重写生命周期方法，主要的不同之处就是需要重写一个onCreateView()方法来返回这个Fragment的布局。

<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">package com.example.fragmenttest;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class MyFragment extends android.support.v4.app.Fragment{

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	}

	@Override
	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("ExampleFragment--onCreateView");
        <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>return inflater.inflate(R.layout.example_fragment_layout, container, false);

	}

	@Override
	public void onPause() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onPause();
	}

	@Override
	public void onResume() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onResume();
	}

	@Override
	public void onStop() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onStop();
	}
	
}</span>

在Activity中动态生成Fragment：

需要注意几点：

1.生成fragment的这个Activity要继承FragmentActivity

2.引入：import android.support.v4这个包里面的内容

3.必须用容器包含fragment

代码如下：

<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">package com.example.fragmenttest;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//在程序中加入Fragment
        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        
        MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment();
        fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.linear, fragment);
        fragmentTransaction.commit();
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}</span>