【达内课程】图库应用（1）

今天我们学习如何在我们的程序显示相册图片。

首先创建一个 Image类来存储图片信息：

public class Image {
    private int id;
    private String data;//path
    private int size;
    private String displayName;
    private long dateTaken;
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(String data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public int getSize() {
        return size;
    }

    public void setSize(int size) {
        this.size = size;
    }

    public String getDisplayName() {
        return displayName;
    }

    public void setDisplayName(String displayName) {
        this.displayName = displayName;
    }

    public long getDateTaken() {
        return dateTaken;
    }

    public void setDateTaken(long dateTaken) {
        this.dateTaken = dateTaken;
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    public void setWidth(int width) {
        this.width = width;
    }

    public int getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    public void setHeight(int height) {
        this.height = height;
    }
}

定义一个接口IDao，定义获取图片数据的方法：

public interface IDao<T> {
    List<T> getData();
}

创建一个 ImageDao继承 IDao，来具体实现获取图片的方法：

public class ImageDao implements IDao<Image> {
    private Context context;

    public ImageDao(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Image> getData() {
        //准备返回值
        List<Image> images = new ArrayList<Image>();
        //准备ContentResolver
        ContentResolver cr = context.getContentResolver();
        //准备Uri
        Uri uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        //执行查询，获取Cursor
        //注意和数据库保持一致
        String[] projection = {
                "_id",//0
                "_data",//1
                "_size",//2
                "_display_name",//3
                "datetaken",//4
                "width",//5
                "height",//6
        };
        Cursor c = cr.query(uri, projection, null, null, null);
        //遍历Cursor，读取数据，并封装到返回值
        for (c.moveToFirst(); !c.isAfterLast(); c.moveToNext()) {
            Image image = new Image();
            image.setId(c.getInt(0));
            image.setData(c.getString(1));
            image.setSize(c.getInt(2));
            image.setDisplayName(c.getString(3));
            image.setDateTaken(c.getLong(4));
            image.setWidth(c.getInt(5));
            image.setHeight(c.getInt(6));
            images.add(image);
        }
        //释放资源
        c.close();
        c = null;
        //日志
        for (Image image : images) {
            Log.d("Image", "id:" + image.getId() + ";data:" + image.getData() + ";size:" + image.getSize() +
                    ";displayname:" + image.getDisplayName() + ";dataTaken:" + image.getDateTaken() + ";width:" + image.getWidth() +
                    ";height:" + image.getHeight());
        }
        //返回
        return images;
    }
}

准备 BaseAdapter，可以从之前文章中拿过来：传送门

写一个 ImageAdapter 继承 BaseAdapter

public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter<Image> {
    public ImageAdapter(Context context, List data) {
        super(context, data);
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (view == null) {
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            view = getInflater().inflate(R.layout.item_image, null);
            viewHolder.imageView = view.findViewById(R.id.img_item);
            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }

        Image image = getData().get(i);
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(image.getData());
        viewHolder.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        return view;
    }

    class ViewHolder {
        ImageView imageView;
    }
}

准备 ListView 的 item 布局：item_image

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_item"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp" />
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private ListView listView;
    private ImageAdapter imageAdapter;
    private List<Image> imageList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView = findViewById(R.id.lv_images);
        imageList = new ImageDao(this).getData();
        imageAdapter = new ImageAdapter(this, imageList);
        listView.setAdapter(imageAdapter);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {

            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

MainActivity 的布局：activity_main

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv_images"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest中增加读取存储空间的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

记得手机打开相应权限

运行程序：

如果想实现一行显示 3 个，可以把 ListView 控件改为 GridView

	<GridView
        android:id="@+id/lv_images"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:columnWidth="90dp"
        android:horizontalSpacing="9dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:verticalSpacing="10dp" />

运行程序：