OC 常用类 --- NSString, NSMutableArray

一. NSString

1. 创建字符串对象

1) 使用初始化方法

NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"Hello %d World", 42];
NSLog(@"%@", str);

2) 便利构造器

NSString *str1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"I love iOS"];
NSLog(@"%@", str1);

2. 字符串长度

NSString *string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://write.blog.csdn.net/postedit?ref=toolbar"];
NSUInteger length = [string length];
NSLog(@"%lu", length);

3. 判断字符串是否以某字符串开头,或结尾

1) 判断字符串是否以某一字符串开头

BOOL isPrefix = [string hasPrefix:@"http"];

2) 判断字符串是否以某一字符串结尾

BOOL isSuffix = [str2 hasSuffix:@"toolbar"];

4. 判断两字符串是否相同

NSString *str3 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello World"];
NSString *str4 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello World"];
//判断内容是否相同
if ([str3 isEqualToString:str4]) {
     NSLog(@"两个字符串相等");
} else {
     NSLog(@"两个字符串不同");
}

5. 获取字符串的子串

1) 获取 http

NSString *newStr = [string substringToIndex:4];//注意: 不包含下标 4

2) 获取 ://write.blog.csdn.net/postedit?ref=toolbar

NSString *newStr1 = [string substringFromIndex:4];//注意: 包含所提供的下标的位置

3) 获取 csdn

//NSMakeRange: 快速创建 NSRange 结构体变量.
NSString *newStr2 = [str5 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(18, 4)];

6. 字符串拼接

1) 拼接固定字符串

NSString *appStr = [string stringByAppendingString:@"  Sara Burton"];//将"  Sara Burton" 拼接到 string 上

2) 拼接格式化字符串

NSString *appStr2 = [string stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@", [NSDate alloc] init]];//将当前时间拼接到 string 上

7. 字符串替换

NSString *repStr = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"http" withString:@"https"];//用"https" 替换 "http"

8. 字符串比较

NSString *str1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"lebi"];
NSString *str2 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"luyuan"];
NSComparisonResult result = [str81 compare:str82];

9. 大小写转换

1) 全部大写

NSString *upperStr = [string uppercaseString];

2) 全部小写];

NSString *lowerStr = [string lowercaseString];

3) 首字母大写

NSString *capitalStr = [string capitalizedString];

10. 字符串与数值类型的转换

1) 基本数据类型转化成字符串对象

int a = 10;
NSString *str10 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", a];
float b = 3.14;
NSString *str11 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f", b];

2) OC 字符串对象转化成基本数据类型

NSString *string1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"10"];
int val = [string1 intValue];
NSString *string2 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"20.2"];
float val2 = [string2 floatValue];
NSString *string3 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"20000000000000000"];
long val3 = [string3 integerValue];

二. NSMutableArray

1. 创建可变字符串

NSMutableString *mStr1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithCapacity:1];//Capacity --- 大小, 容量的意思
NSMutableString *mStr2 = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:1];

2. 修改可变字符串

NSMutableString *mStr3 = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"Sara Burton"];

2.1. 可变字符串拼接

1) 拼接固定字符串

[mStr3 appendString:@"panpan"];

2) 拼接格式化字符串

[mStr3 appendFormat:@"%@", [[NSDate alloc] init]];

2.2. 插入字符串

[mStr3 insertString:@"meiyou" atIndex:13];

2.3. 删除字符串

[mStr3 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(5, 4)];

2.4. 替换字符串

[mStr3 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(5, 1) withString:@"beijing"];

2.5. 重置字符串

[mStr3 setString:@"6666666666666"];