spring could 之服务消费者（rest+ribbon）

ribbon是一个负载均衡客户端，可以很好的控制htt和tcp的一些行为。Feign默认集成了ribbon。

ribbon 已经默认实现了这些配置bean：

IClientConfig ribbonClientConfig: DefaultClientConfigImpl

IRule ribbonRule: ZoneAvoidanceRule

IPing ribbonPing: NoOpPing

ServerList ribbonServerList: ConfigurationBasedServerList

ServerListFilter ribbonServerListFilter: ZonePreferenceServerListFilter

ILoadBalancer ribbonLoadBalancer: ZoneAwareLoadBalancer

二、准备工作

这一篇文章基于上一篇文章《spring could 之服务的注册与发现（Eureka） 》的工程，启动eureka-server 工程；启动eurekaclient工程，它的端口为8762；将eurekaclient的配置文件的端口改为8763,并启动，这时你会发现：eurekaclient在eureka-server注册了2个实例，这就相当于一个小的集群。访问localhost:8761如图所示：

新建模块could_ribbon
工程目录结构：

1、pom.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>could_ribbon</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>could_ribbon</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

2、应用配置文件application.yml：

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
    statusPageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
    healthCheckUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/health
    homePageUrl: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
    prefer-ip-address: true
server:
  port: 8764
spring:
  application:
    name: cooldribbon

3、应用主入口程序：

package com.xuan;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class CouldRibbonApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CouldRibbonApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced // 负载均衡 @LoadBalanced注解表明这个restRemplate开启负载均衡的功能。
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

4、ribbon负载均衡功能使用测试
使用restTemplate.getForObject（）调用eurekaclient提供的服务（跑两个eurekaclient工程实例（端口分别在6782，6783）），XUANCLIENT是eurekaclient工程配置文件里的应用名称（尽量简单，不使用特殊字符）

package com.xuan.service.impl;

import com.xuan.service.VideoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Created by chenqixuan on 17/10/27.
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements com.xuan.service.UserService {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Override
    @Validated
    public String hiService(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://XUANCLIENT/?name="+name,String.class);
    }
}

controller层调用：

package com.xuan.controller;

import com.xuan.service.UserService;
import com.xuan.service.impl.UserServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by chenqixuan on 17/10/27.
 */
@RestController
public class HomeController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/")
    public String home(){

        return userService.hiService("ooooo");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String hi(@RequestParam String name){
        return userService.hiService(name);
    }



}

一个服务注册中心，eureka server,端口为8761
eurekaclient工程跑了两个实例，端口分别为8762,8763，分别向服务注册中心注册
cooldribbon端口为8764,向服务注册中心注册
当cooldribbon通过restTemplate调用service-hi的hi接口时，因为用ribbon进行了负载均衡，会轮流的调用service-hi：8762和8763 两个端口的hi接口；

效果图：