Spring注解开发——22、自动装配-方法、构造器位置的自动装配

22.1 @Autowired 标注在方法上

• 标注在方法上，Spring容器创建当前对象，就会调用方法，完成赋值
• 方法使用的参数，自定义类型的值从IOC容器中获取

package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Car {
    String label = "car1";

    public String getLabel() {
        return label;
    }

    public void setLabel(String label) {
        this.label = label;
    }
}

package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Boss {

    Car car;

    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }

    @Autowired
    //标注在方法上，Spring容器创建当前对象，就会调用方法，完成赋
    //方法使用的参数，自定义类型的值从IOC容器中获取
    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }

    public void print(){
        System.out.println("Boss car类注入" + car);
        if (car == null) {
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("car的Label: " + car.getLabel());

    }
}


package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo;

import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.Service.BookService;
import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.config.MainConfigAutoWired;
import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity.Boss;
import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity.Car;
import com.suirui.springanno.propertyValues.entity.Person;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;

public class MainTestAutoWired {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigAutoWired.class);
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = ac.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String s : beanDefinitionNames) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        Boss bean = ac.getBean(Boss.class);
        Car bean1 = ac.getBean(Car.class);
        System.out.println(bean.getCar() == bean1);
        bean.print();
    }
}

22.2 @Autowired 标注在构造器

• 默认加在IOC容器中的组件，容器启动会调用无参构造器创建对象，再进行赋值操作
• 会调用@Autowired 标注在构造器，构造器中的组件也是从IOC容器中获取
• 如果组件只有一个有参构造器，这个有参构造器的@Autowired可以省略，中的组件也是自动从IOC容器中获取
• @Autowired 标注多个构造器会报错

package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class House {

    String label = "house1";

    public String getLabel() {
        return label;
    }

    public void setLabel(String label) {
        this.label = label;
    }
}


package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Boss {

    Car car;
    House house;

    public Boss() {
    }

    @Autowired
    public Boss(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }

    @Autowired
    public Boss(House house) {
        this.house = house;
    }

    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }

//    @Autowired
    //标注在方法上，Spring容器创建当前对象，就会调用方法，完成赋
    //方法使用的参数，自定义类型的值从IOC容器中获取
    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }

    public void print(){
        System.out.println("Boss car类注入" + car);
        System.out.println("Boss house类注入" + house);
        if (car == null) {
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("car的Label: " + car.getLabel());
        System.out.println("house的Label: " + house.getLabel());

    }
}

22.3 @Autowired 标注在参数上

• 参数也是从IOC容器中获取
• @Bean方式+方法参数；参数从容器中获取，可以省略@Autowired

package com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.config;

import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.dao.BookDao;
import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity.Boss;
import com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo.entity.Car;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.suirui.springanno.autowiredDemo")
public class MainConfigAutoWired {

//    @Bean(value = "bookDao2")
//    @Primary
//    public BookDao bookDao(){
//        BookDao b = new BookDao();
//        b.setLabel("2");
//        return  b;
//    }

    @Bean
    public Boss boss(Car car){
        Boss boss = new Boss();
        boss.setCar(car);
        return boss;
    }

}