Java学习笔记：重要概念与实战案例

Java学习笔记：重要概念与实战案例

大家好，我是微赚淘客系统3.0的小编，是个冬天不穿秋裤，天冷也要风度的程序猿！

一、Java基础概念

1. Java的基本语法

Java是一门面向对象的编程语言，主要语法包括类、对象、继承、多态等。

package cn.juwatech.example;

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World!");
    }
}

2. 面向对象编程

面向对象编程（OOP）的四大基本原则是：封装、继承、多态和抽象。

package cn.juwatech.oop;

class Animal {
    void sound() {
        System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
    void sound() {
        System.out.println("Dog barks");
    }
}

public class TestOOP {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal myDog = new Dog();
        myDog.sound();
    }
}

二、Java常用库与API

1. 集合框架

Java的集合框架提供了一组接口和类，用于存储和操作数据集合。

package cn.juwatech.collections;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CollectionExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("Apple");
        list.add("Banana");
        list.add("Cherry");

        for (String fruit : list) {
            System.out.println(fruit);
        }
    }
}

2. 异常处理

Java提供了异常处理机制来处理程序运行中的错误。

package cn.juwatech.exceptions;

public class ExceptionExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            int division = 10 / 0;
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("Cannot divide by zero: " + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            System.out.println("This block is always executed");
        }
    }
}

三、Java高级特性

1. 多线程编程

Java通过java.lang.Thread类和java.util.concurrent包提供了多线程编程支持。

package cn.juwatech.threads;

class MyThread extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Thread is running");
    }
}

public class ThreadExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread t1 = new MyThread();
        t1.start();
    }
}

2. 输入输出（IO）操作

Java的IO操作包括文件读取和写入、网络通信等。

package cn.juwatech.io;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileReadExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"))) {
            String line;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

四、实战案例

1. 简单的HTTP服务器

下面的示例展示了如何用Java实现一个简单的HTTP服务器。

package cn.juwatech.httpserver;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;

public class SimpleHttpServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8080), 0);
        server.createContext("/test", new MyHandler());
        server.setExecutor(null);
        server.start();
        System.out.println("Server started on port 8080");
    }

    static class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {
        @Override
        public void handle(HttpExchange t) throws IOException {
            String response = "This is the response";
            t.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.length());
            OutputStream os = t.getResponseBody();
            os.write(response.getBytes());
            os.close();
        }
    }
}

2. 数据库连接与操作

使用JDBC连接和操作数据库。

package cn.juwatech.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class DatabaseExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "password";

        try {
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
            Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users");

            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getString("username"));
            }

            rs.close();
            stmt.close();
            conn.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

本文著作权归聚娃科技微赚淘客系统开发者团队，转载请注明出处！