Hive 基于 Hadoop 进行数据清洗及数据统计

收集数据到Hadoop hdfs
使用ETL(MapReduce)进行数据清洗

(更新元数据 target)
Hive 关联外部表

创建工程

添加MapReduce 依赖

pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>


  <groupId>com.xzdream.hive</groupId>
  <artifactId>xzdream-hive</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>


  <name>xzdream-hive</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>


  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- Hadoop 版本-->
    <hadoop.version>2.6.0-cdh5.7.0</hadoop.version>
  </properties>


  <!--添加cdh仓库-->
  <repositories>
    <repository>
      <id>cloudera</id>
      <url>https://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/</url>
    </repository>
  </repositories>


  <dependencies>
    <!--添加hadoop依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
      <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
      <version>${hadoop.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

程序编写,进行数据清洗，保存到hdfs

准备好清洗的数据

rinse.txt

127.0.0.1    http://www.localhost.com    a
192.168.1.1    http://www.xzdream.cn
192.168.2.3    http://blog.xzdream.cn

将文件put到hadoop
hadoop$ ./hadoop fs -mkdir -p /hive/rinse
hadoop$ ./hadoop fs -put /Users/hadoop/data/rinse.txt  /hive/rinse

hadoop 提交jar
hadoop$ ./hadoop jar /Users/hadoop/libs/xzdream-hive-1.0.jar com.xzdream.hive.mapreduce.driver.LogETLDriver /hive/rinse /hive/rinse/day=20200606

查看清洗完成的数据
hadoop$ ./hadoop fs -cat  /hive/rinse/output/part-r-00000
20/06/06 17:33:38 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
192.168.1.1    http://www.xzdream.cn
127.0.0.1    http://www.baidu.com

修改数据库字符集
alter database hive_db  character set latin1;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

使用hive进行统计

1:创建外部表

create external table rinse(
ip string,
domain string
) partitioned by (day string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
LOCATION '/hive/rinse/access/clear';

create external table rinse(
ip string,
domain string
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
LOCATION '/hive/rinse/access/clear';

移动数据
hadoop$ ./hadoop fs -mkdir -p /hive/rinse/access/clear/day=20200606/
./hadoop fs -mv /hive/rinse/day=20200606/part-r-00000 /hive/rinse/access/clear/day=20200606/

将数据刷进hive
alter table rinse add if not exists partition(day='20200606’);

hive (default)> select * from rinse;
OK
192.168.2.3    http://blog.xzdream.cn    20200606
192.168.1.1    http://www.xzdream.cn    20200606
Time taken: 0.115 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)
hive (default)>

hive (default)> select count(*),domain from rinse group by domain;
1    http://blog.xzdream.cn
1    http://www.xzdream.cn