db_files对于oracle使用内存的影响

今天查看资料时，发现db_files会对oracle的内存使用造成影响。故通过如下实验来验证这个问题。
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
SQL> !vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10g.ora
删除以下信息：
ora10g.__db_cache_size=281018368
ora10g.__java_pool_size=4194304
ora10g.__large_pool_size=4194304
ora10g.__shared_pool_size=142606336
ora10g.__streams_pool_size=0
SQL> startup pfile='initora10g.ora' 
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  440401920 bytes
Fixed Size		    2096952 bytes
Variable Size		  125829320 bytes
Database Buffers	  306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers		    6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>   select min(value) from v$sesstat s,v$statname n
     where s.statistic# = n.statistic# and
    n.name = 'session pga memory';  2    3  
MIN(VALUE)
----------
    429656
SQL> create table snap_a as select * from v$sgastat;
SQL> !vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10g.ora
修改db_files=20000
SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  440401920 bytes
Fixed Size		    2096952 bytes
Variable Size		  150995144 bytes
Database Buffers	  281018368 bytes
Redo Buffers		    6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select min(value) from v$sesstat s,v$statname n
     where s.statistic# = n.statistic# and
    n.name = 'session pga memory';  2    3  
MIN(VALUE)
----------
   2168600
SQL> create table snap_b as select * from v$sgastat;
查看sga、pga前后差值：
SQL>  select (150995144-125829320)/1024/1024 SGA_M,(2168600-429656)/1024/1024 PGA_M from dual;
     SGA_M	PGA_M
---------- ----------
	24 1.65838623

上面对v$sgastat做了两次snapshot,可以看看是哪个component占用了这些空间:
select b.pool,b.name,b.bytes before,e.bytes after,e.bytes-b.bytes delta from snap_a b,snap_b e
  where b.pool=e.pool and b.name=e.name and b.bytes!=e.bytes order by delta desc;
PGA中有一部分内存空间是用来存放opened file descriptors，db_files参数设置越高，这部分预留空间越大
所以db_files不要预留太大，否则会大大影响到内存空间的使用