一、什么是servletContext:
servletContext可以理解为服务器端的一个共享空间,它可以被所有的客户端访问。基于这种特性,我们就可以利用servletContext做计数器等应用。
我们用个图来描述cookie、session、servletContext的区别.
区别在于session是局部的,servletContext是共享的.当换了另一个窗口开始访问又从0开始计数,而servletContext则是接下去计数.
上图中,下面的A、B、C是代表客户端的cookie,服务器端的A、B、C代表session,D代表servletContext。
二、怎样使用ServletContext
1、首先得到ServletContext
this.getServletContext();
2、ServletContext也是和session一样像一张表,分为属性、值
添加属性:setAttribute(String name,Object obj);
得到值:getAttribute(String name);
删除属性:removeAttribute(String name);
3、生命周期
ServletContext中的属性的生命周期从创建开始,到服务器关闭而结束
三、Servlet实现访问次数的例子!
ShowTimesServlet.java
//ShowTimesServlet.java /*Servlet实现访问次数的例子!*/ import java.io.*; import java.util.zip.*; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; /* 这个类实现访问次数。显示访问次数!看是第几次访问! */ public class ShowTimesServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, java.io.IOException { response.setContentType(" text/html"); HttpSession session = request.getSession(); String heading; Integer accessCount =(Integer)session.getAttribute(" accessCount"); if(accessCount == null) { accessCount = new Integer(0); heading = " Welcom,You are first time to visit!"; } else { heading = " Welcome Backer"; accessCount = new Integer(accessCount.intValue()+1); } session.setAttribute(" accessCount",accessCount); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println(" The title:"+heading); out.println(" Access count: "+accessCount); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, java.io.IOException { doGet(request,response); } }
下面是通过servleContext来做访问次数 Java代码:
package org.linweihan.test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class TestServletContext extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext(); Integer accessCount =(Integer)servletContext.getAttribute(" accessCount"); if(accessCount == null){ accessCount = 0; }else{ accessCount = accessCount + 1; } servletContext.setAttribute(" accessCount", accessCount); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println(" < html> < body> < h2> "+accessCount+" < /body> < /html> "); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } }