13.3、异常处理——DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

当程序发生异常时，DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver异常解析器默认可以解析指定的异常，见下面的源码，默认可以解析HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException、HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException等异常类，当有这些类的异常发生时，默认交给DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver异常解析器进行解析，DispatcherServlet默认实现了DispatcherServlet 的Bean。

DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver源码

    @Override
    @Nullable
    protected ModelAndView doResolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
            @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

        try {
            if (ex instanceof HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) {
                return handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupported((HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) {
                return handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupported((HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) {
                return handleHttpMediaTypeNotAcceptable((HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MissingPathVariableException) {
                return handleMissingPathVariable((MissingPathVariableException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestParameterException) {
                return handleMissingServletRequestParameter((MissingServletRequestParameterException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof ServletRequestBindingException) {
                return handleServletRequestBindingException((ServletRequestBindingException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof ConversionNotSupportedException) {
                return handleConversionNotSupported((ConversionNotSupportedException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof TypeMismatchException) {
                return handleTypeMismatch((TypeMismatchException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotReadableException) {
                return handleHttpMessageNotReadable((HttpMessageNotReadableException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotWritableException) {
                return handleHttpMessageNotWritable((HttpMessageNotWritableException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
                return handleMethodArgumentNotValidException((MethodArgumentNotValidException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestPartException) {
                return handleMissingServletRequestPartException((MissingServletRequestPartException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof BindException) {
                return handleBindException((BindException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof NoHandlerFoundException) {
                return handleNoHandlerFoundException((NoHandlerFoundException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof AsyncRequestTimeoutException) {
                return handleAsyncRequestTimeoutException(
                        (AsyncRequestTimeoutException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception handlerException) {
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.warn("Handling of [" + ex.getClass().getName() + "] resulted in Exception", handlerException);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

下面以HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException为例来测试，当发生HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException异常时，会有DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver异常解析器进行处理。
1、web.xml和spring的配置文件
web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">

    <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

spring的配置文件springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lzj.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

2、创建请求
在WebContent下面创建index.jsp，内容为：

<a href="springMVC/testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver">Test DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver</a>

3、创建请求控制器
控制器用于截获index.jsp中的请求

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/springMVC")
public class TestSpringMVC {

    //设置默认接收POST请求
    @RequestMapping(value="/testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver(){
        System.out.println("testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver");
        return "success";
    }
}

当发送Index.jsp请求时，由于index.jsp中的超链接请求为GET请求，当控制器截获该请求后，由于控制器设置的默认接收POST请求，因此会抛出一个HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException异常，该异常默认由DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver解析器进行解析，返回个客户端异常界面，如下图所示：

浏览器中显示不支持GET请求。