Debian 使用

Based Ubuntu version

You can find the Debian version on which your Ubuntu version is based in the file: /etc/debian_version

From 10.04 up to 19.04:

Ubuntu	Debian
19.04 disco	buster / sid - 10
18.10 cosmic	buster / sid
18.04 bionic	buster / sid
17.10 artful	stretch / sid - 9
17.04 zesty	stretch / sid
16.10 yakkety	stretch / sid
16.04 xenial	stretch / sid
15.10 wily	jessie / sid - 8
15.04 vivid	jessie / sid
14.10 utopic	jessie / sid
14.04 trusty	jessie / sid
13.10 saucy	wheezy / sid - 7
13.04 raring	wheezy / sid
12.10 quantal	wheezy / sid
12.04 precise	wheezy / sid
11.10 oneiric	wheezy / sid
11.04 natty	squeeze / sid - 6
10.10 maverick	squeeze / sid
10.04 lucid	squeeze / sid

sid is the development distribution of Debian (sid - testing - stable)

You can find out the contents of the file without installing an entire system by view the sources for the package basefiles on Launchpad.

Debian 中科大源替换

警告：

操作前请做好相应备份

一般情况下，将 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件中 Debian 默认的源地址 http://deb.debian.org/ 替换为 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn 即可。

可以使用如下命令：

sudo sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

当然也可以直接编辑 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件（需要使用 sudo）。

以下是 Debian Stable 参考配置内容：

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free

# deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free

同时你也可能需要更改 Debian Security 源，请参考 Debian Security 源使用帮助

小技巧： 使用 HTTPS 可以有效避免国内运营商的缓存劫持，但需要事先安装 apt-transport-https (Debian Buster 及以上版本不需要)。