一、前言
在android前端中接入了rabbitmq消息队列来处理业务，在手机网络环境错综复杂，网络信号不稳定，可能导致mq的频繁断开与连接，在日志中，发现有很多这样的日志，java.net.SocketException: Connection reset，接下来通过源码调试来分析下该错误可能产生的原因。MissedHeartbeatException则是在客户端在多次未收到服务端的消息后，认为服务端已经断开，则抛出该异常。
二、分析
java.net.SocketException: Connection reset在网络搜了一圈，基本上说的是客户端连接着mq，但是服务端已经断开与客户端的连接，此时客户端还在执行接收数据操作，就会发生该错误。
三、MQ的心跳机制
MQ在创建连接的时候则会进行初始化开启心跳服务initializeHeartbeatSender();
private void initializeHeartbeatSender() {
this._heartbeatSender = new HeartbeatSender(_frameHandler, heartbeatExecutor, threadFactory);
}
在rabbitmq中，客户端会间隔1/2的心跳周期来定时发送心跳
/**
* Sets the heartbeat in seconds.
*/
public void setHeartbeat(int heartbeatSeconds) {
synchronized(this.monitor) {
if(this.shutdown) {
return;
}
// cancel any existing heartbeat task
if(this.future != null) {
this.future.cancel(true);
this.future = null;
}
if (heartbeatSeconds > 0) {
// wake every heartbeatSeconds / 2 to avoid the worst case
// where the last activity comes just after the last heartbeat
long interval = SECONDS.toNanos(heartbeatSeconds) / 2;
ScheduledExecutorService executor = createExecutorIfNecessary();
Runnable task = new HeartbeatRunnable(interval);
this.future = executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
task, interval, interval, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
}
}
}
发送心跳，此时如果发生IO异常，这边没处理
private final class HeartbeatRunnable implements Runnable {
private final long heartbeatNanos;
private HeartbeatRunnable(long heartbeatNanos) {
this.heartbeatNanos = heartbeatNanos;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
LogUtils.log("心跳定时器发送");
long now = System.nanoTime();
if (now > (lastActivityTime + this.heartbeatNanos)) {
frameHandler.writeFrame(new Frame(AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT, 0));
frameHandler.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// ignore
}
}
}
结合官方文档和客户端源代码,心跳默认超时时间是60秒，并且每隔30秒进行一次心跳检查，如果超过两次心跳检查都没有确定节点检查，则会关闭连接
3.1测试
测试用例中， 将心跳周期设置为30秒
public static void main(String[] args) {
String queueName="123456";
ExecutorService executor= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("192.0.11.211");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setUsername("admin");
factory.setVirtualHost("/");
factory.setPassword("admin");
factory.setConnectionTimeout(5000);
factory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(false);
factory.setTopologyRecoveryEnabled(false);
factory.setRequestedHeartbeat(30);
executor.submit(() -> {
try {
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
LogUtils.log("连接创建成功");
connection.addShutdownListener(cause -> {
LogUtils.log("断开连接："+cause.getMessage()+" msg=>:"+cause.getCause());
});
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
LogUtils.log("创建通道成功：" + channel.getChannelNumber());
channel.basicQos(30);
channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) {
try {
String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
LogUtils.log("消息："+message);
channel.basicReject(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
} catch (Exception e) {
LogUtils.log("消费者异常,e:" + e.getMessage()+" consumerTag:"+consumerTag);
}
}
});
channel.addShutdownListener(cause -> {
LogUtils.log("消费者断开连接：" + cause.getMessage() + " msg=>:" + cause.getCause().toString());
});
} catch (Exception e) {
LogUtils.log("发生异常："+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
然后将心跳的发送业务关闭
private final class HeartbeatRunnable implements Runnable {
private final long heartbeatNanos;
private HeartbeatRunnable(long heartbeatNanos) {
this.heartbeatNanos = heartbeatNanos;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
LogUtils.log("心跳定时器发送");
long now = System.nanoTime();
if (now > (lastActivityTime + this.heartbeatNanos)) {
// frameHandler.writeFrame(new Frame(AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT, 0));
// frameHandler.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// ignore
}
}
}
运行后，如下：
2023-09-25 09:35:02.976=>连接创建成功
2023-09-25 09:35:02.987=>创建通道成功：1
2023-09-25 09:35:17.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:35:32.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:35:47.949=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:02.949=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:17.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:32.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:32.960=>消费者断开连接：connection error msg=>:java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
2023-09-25 09:36:32.962=>断开连接：connection error msg=>:java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
结果分析，服务端在3个心跳周期未检测到客户端的心跳后，则会默认客户端已经断线，则将其断开。
四、MissedHeartbeatException分析
在客户端连接MQ成功后，则开始数据服务的读取this._frameHandler.initialize(this);
private void startIoLoops() {
if (executorService == null) {
Thread nioThread = Environment.newThread(
threadFactory,
new NioLoop(socketChannelFrameHandlerFactory.nioParams, this),
"rabbitmq-nio"
);
nioThread.start();
} else {
this.executorService.submit(new NioLoop(socketChannelFrameHandlerFactory.nioParams, this));
}
}
读取线程业务方法，如果frame不为空，则丢失心跳这边重置为0次，反之则开始计数丢失次数
private void readFrame(Frame frame) throws IOException {
LogUtils.log("开始读取数据");
if (frame != null) {
_missedHeartbeats = 0;
if (frame.getType() == AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT) {
LogUtils.log("读取数据:心跳");
} else {
if (frame.getChannel() == 0) { // the special channel
_channel0.handleFrame(frame);
} else {
if (isOpen()) {
ChannelManager cm = _channelManager;
if (cm != null) {
ChannelN channel;
try {
channel = cm.getChannel(frame.getChannel());
} catch(UnknownChannelException e) {
LOGGER.info("Received a frame on an unknown channel, ignoring it");
return;
}
channel.handleFrame(frame);
}
}
}
}
} else {
LogUtils.log("开始读取数据frame为空");
handleSocketTimeout();
}
}
超时机制,如果进入该业务，则_missedHeartbeats 会自动加1，如果超过一定次数，则会跑出MissedHeartbeatException
private void handleSocketTimeout() throws SocketTimeoutException {
if (_inConnectionNegotiation) {
throw new SocketTimeoutException("Timeout during Connection negotiation");
}
if (_heartbeat == 0) { // No heart-beating
return;
}
LogUtils.log("handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳："+_missedHeartbeats);
if (++_missedHeartbeats > (1)) {
throw new MissedHeartbeatException("Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = " +
_heartbeat + " seconds, for " + this.getHostAddress());
}
}
为了方便测试，将心跳设置为10s,将_missedHeartbeats 判断大于1则抛出MissedHeartbeatException异常
4.1测试
2023-09-25 10:21:16.565=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.651=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.658=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.658=>连接创建成功
2023-09-25 10:21:16.669=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.670=>创建通道成功：1
2023-09-25 10:21:16.671=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.675=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:21.659=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:21.659=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:24.160=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:24.160=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:24.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:26.659=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:26.660=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:31.661=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:31.661=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：1
2023-09-25 10:21:36.668=>消费者断开连接：connection error msg=>:com.rabbitmq.client.MissedHeartbeatException: Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = 10 seconds, for 192.0.11.211
2023-09-25 10:21:36.671=>断开连接：connection error msg=>:com.rabbitmq.client.MissedHeartbeatException: Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = 10 seconds, for 192.0.11.211
上面可知，服务端会在心跳周期向客户端发送心跳，如果在客户端没收到任何消息时间段内，MissedHeartbeatException超过一定次数，则将跑出该异常，官方默认是2*4=8
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