python 元类和__new__创建单例类

class MyMeta(type):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.__instance = None
        super(MyMeta, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.__instance is None:
            self.__instance = super(MyMeta, self).__call__(*args, **kwargs)
        return self.__instance


class MyClass(metaclass=MyMeta):
    pass


m = MyClass()
m2 = MyClass()
print(m2 == m)  # True


class MyClass1:
    __instance = None

    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if cls.__instance is None:
            cls.__instance = object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
        return cls.__instance


m3 = MyClass1()
m4 = MyClass1()
print(m3 == m4)  # True
m3.a = "aaa"
print(m4.a)  # “aaa”