iOS 图片上传旋转90°

在做项目时我们经常要对图片进行一些处理，以达到性能优化或满足需求。常见的情形有以下几种

拉伸图片

项目中使用的图片素材如果能通过拉伸获得就尽量这样去做。这样做有两个显而易见的好处，一是能够减少App安装包的大小，另外一个则是减少App运行时占据的内存空间大小。毕竟App的UI基本上来说是建立在大量的精致的图片上，如果这些图片都一概使用屏幕等大小的图片，那么对App的性能及安装量都是有一定的负面影响的。

对于拉伸图片，适配iOS 5及之后可以使用

1	- (UIImage *)resizableImageWithCapInsets:(UIEdgeInsets)capInsets

这个方法只接收一个UIEdgeInsets类型的参数，可以通过设置UIEdgeInsets的top、left、bottom、right来分别指定上端盖高度、左端盖宽度、下端盖高度、右端盖宽度。这个端盖的距离值是用单位pt（点，point）衡量的，在普通显示屏中，1pt = 1pix；在retina显示屏中，1pt ＝ 2pix。还有一个需要注意的地方，如果端盖距离值不是整数的话，拉伸后的图片会有白条细线。

创建缩略图

如果有一张大图，我们只想要显示它的指定大小的缩略图内容，可以这样做:在UIImage的类别中实现如下方法，调用方法创建缩略图

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- (UIImage *)imageByScalingAndCroppingForSize:(CGSize)targetSize {      UIImage *sourceImage = self;      UIImage *newImage = nil;      CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size;      CGFloat width = imageSize.width;      CGFloat height = imageSize.height;      CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width;      CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height;      CGFloat scaleFactor = 0.0 ;      CGFloat scaledWidth = targetWidth;      CGFloat scaledHeight = targetHeight;      CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake( 0.0 , 0.0 );            if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO)      {          CGFloat widthFactor = targetWidth / width;          CGFloat heightFactor = targetHeight / height;                    if (widthFactor > heightFactor)              scaleFactor = widthFactor; // scale to fit height          else              scaleFactor = heightFactor; // scale to fit width          scaledWidth  = width * scaleFactor;          scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor;                    // center the image          if (widthFactor > heightFactor)          {              thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5 ;          }          else              if (widthFactor < heightFactor)              {                  thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5 ;              }      }            UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(targetSize); // this will crop            CGRect thumbnailRect = CGRectZero;      thumbnailRect.origin = thumbnailPoint;      thumbnailRect.size.width  = scaledWidth;      thumbnailRect.size.height = scaledHeight;            [sourceImage drawInRect:thumbnailRect];            newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();      if (newImage == nil)          NSLog(@ "could not scale image" );            //pop the context to get back to the default      UIGraphicsEndImageContext();      return newImage; }

解决图片旋转的问题

ios程序中使用系统相机拍照和从相册选取图片，直接上传后在非mac系统下看到的图片会发生旋转的现象，那是因为我们没有通过图片的旋转属性修改图片转向。可以用下面的方法解决这个问题:

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@interface UIImage (fixOrientation)      - (UIImage *)fixOrientation;      @end                @implementation UIImage (fixOrientation)      - (UIImage *)fixOrientation {           // No-op if the orientation is already correct      if (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) return self;           // We need to calculate the proper transformation to make the image upright.      // We do it in 2 steps: Rotate if Left/Right/Down, and then flip if Mirrored.      CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;           switch (self.imageOrientation) {          case UIImageOrientationDown:          case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:              transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, self.size.height);              transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI);              break ;               case UIImageOrientationLeft:          case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:              transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0 );              transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI_2);              break ;               case UIImageOrientationRight:          case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:              transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0 , self.size.height);              transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, -M_PI_2);              break ;      }           switch (self.imageOrientation) {          case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored:          case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:              transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0 );              transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, - 1 , 1 );              break ;               case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:          case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:              transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.height, 0 );              transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, - 1 , 1 );              break ;      }           // Now we draw the underlying CGImage into a new context, applying the transform      // calculated above.      CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, self.size.width, self.size.height,                                               CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(self.CGImage), 0 ,                                               CGImageGetColorSpace(self.CGImage),                                               CGImageGetBitmapInfo(self.CGImage));      CGContextConcatCTM(ctx, transform);      switch (self.imageOrientation) {          case UIImageOrientationLeft:          case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:          case UIImageOrientationRight:          case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:              // Grr...              CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake( 0 , 0 ,self.size.height,self.size.width), self.CGImage);              break ;               default :              CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake( 0 , 0 ,self.size.width,self.size.height), self.CGImage);              break ;      }           // And now we just create a new UIImage from the drawing context      CGImageRef cgimg = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ctx);      UIImage *img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgimg];      CGContextRelease(ctx);      CGImageRelease(cgimg);      return img; }      @end

图片编码及上传

有时候我们会需要将图片数据以字符串的形式上传到服务器。在将UIImage对象转化为NSData再转化为NSString的时候，NSString对象中会出现有乱码的情况，这个时候再将NSData转化为NSString之前要编码NSData对象

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# import "UIImage+Ext.h" # import "GTMBase64.h"   @interface UIImage (Ext)   - (NSString *)convertToString;   @end   @implementation UIImage (Ext)   - (NSString *)convertToString {      if (!self) {          return nil;      }            NSData *imgData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self, 0.5 );      NSData *encode = [GTMBase64 encodeData:imgData]; // base64编码NSData(解决乱码问题)      NSString *imgStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:encode encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];      return imgStr; }   @en