MongoDB二

增删改查的详细说明

Insert操作：

常见的Insert操作包括：单条插入和批量插入

mongoDB命令打开的是一个javascript shell，所以js语法在这里都行得通。

(1)

下面是一些单条插入和批量插入的例子：

<span style="font-size:14px;">Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601]
版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Users\hitler>cd C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin

C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin>
C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin>
C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin>
C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin>
C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.0\bin>mongo
2015-09-06T08:10:50.834+0800 I CONTROL  Hotfix KB2731284 or later update is not
installed, will zero-out data files
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.6
connecting to: test
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55e6bba17e3993ce5ef28b4d"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 20 }
>
>
>
> db.person.insert({"name":"herry","age":35});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>
>
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55e6bba17e3993ce5ef28b4d"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
>
>
> db.person.update({"name":jack},{"name":"jack","age":40});
2015-09-06T08:26:51.619+0800 E QUERY    ReferenceError: jack is not defined
    at (shell):1:26
>
>
>
> db.person.update({"name":"jack"},{"name":"jack","age":40});
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
>
>
>
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55e6bba17e3993ce5ef28b4d"), "name" : "jack", "age" : 40 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
> db.person.remove({"name":"jack"});
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
>
>
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
>
>
> db.person.remove();
2015-09-06T08:28:43.364+0800 E QUERY    Error: remove needs a query
    at Error (<anonymous>)
    at DBCollection._parseRemove (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:305:32)
    at DBCollection.remove (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:328:23)
    at (shell):1:11 at src/mongo/shell/collection.js:305
> db.person.remove();
2015-09-06T08:29:09.680+0800 E QUERY    Error: remove needs a query
    at Error (<anonymous>)
    at DBCollection._parseRemove (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:305:32)
    at DBCollection.remove (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:328:23)
    at (shell):1:11 at src/mongo/shell/collection.js:305
>
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
>
>
> db.person.count();
1
>
>
>
> var record = {"name":"liumengyang","sex":"man","address":{"province":"hebei","
city":"hengshui"}};
>
> db.student.insert(record);
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>
>
> db.student.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8f5218cec86012ca9339"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
>
>
> for(var i = 0;i<=10;i++)
2015-09-06T08:57:40.387+0800 E QUERY    SyntaxError: Unexpected end of input
> for(var i = 0;i<=10;i++){db.student.insert(record)};
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>
> db.student.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8f5218cec86012ca9339"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933a"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933b"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933c"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933d"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933e"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca933f"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca9340"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca9341"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca9342"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca9343"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb8fab18cec86012ca9344"), "name" : "liumengyang", "sex" :
"man", "address" : { "province" : "hebei", "city" : "hengshui" } }
>

</span>

(2)以下是查询的一些例子：

查询关键词可以分为两类：

一、$lt;$gt;$ne;$gte;$lte

二、And  OR  In  NotIn

 <1>"$gt", "$gte", "$lt", "$lte", "$ne", "没有特殊关键字"，这些跟上面是一一对应的，举几个例子

> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
>
> /*find age > 4 */
...
... db.person.find({"age":{$gt:40}})
>
> db.person.find({"age":{$gt:20}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
> db.person.find({"age":{$lt:40}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
> db.person.find({"age":35})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>

<2> "无关键字“, "$or", "$in"，"$nin" 同样我也是举几个例子

> db.student.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
>
>
> db.student.find({"city":"hengshui"})
> db.student.find({"city":"dalian"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
>
> db.student.find({"name":"liumengyang","city":"dalian"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
>
>
>
>
> db.student.find({$or:[{"name":"liumengyang"},{"name":"lidongqing"}]})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
>
>
> db.student.find({"name":{$in:["liumengyang","lidongqing"]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
> db.student.find({"name":{$nin:["liumengyang"]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>

<3>$where关键字的使用【结合javascript使用】

<pre name="code" class="html">> db.student.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
> db.student.find({$where:function(){return this.name == 'liumengyang'}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
> db.student.find({$where:function(){return this.name == 'liumengyang' && this.c
ity == 'dalian'}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
>
> db.student.find({$where:function(){return this.name == 'liumengyang' && this.c
ity == 'hengshui'}})

（3）

Update操作：

更新操作分为两种：整体更新和局部更新

<1>整体更新：（略过）

<2>局部更新

mongodb中提供了两个修改器:

$inc修改器

在原来的基础上自增$inc提供的值

> db.student.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9d9d900da635cb33f220"), "name" : "liumengyang", "city" :
 "dalian" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb9da9900da635cb33f221"), "name" : "lidongqing", "city" :
"dalian" }
>
>
> db.person.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 35 }
>
>
> db.person.update({"name":"herry",{$inc:{"age":20}}})
2015-09-06T10:45:55.029+0800 E QUERY    SyntaxError: Unexpected token {
> db.person.update({"name":"herry",{$inc:{"age":20}}}
...
...
>
> db.person.update({"name":"herry"},{$inc:{"age":20}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
>
> db.person.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("55eb87ec18cec86012ca9338"), "name" : "herry", "age" : 55 }
>

$set修改器(完全改变字段的值)