servlet中response重定向和request转发的区别还有绝对路径的写法

servlet中response对象的重定向方法

从responseServletDemo1重定向到responseServletDemo2

package com.company.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/responseServletDemo1")
public class ResponseServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo1");
        //利用sendRedirect方法重定向 responseServletDemo2可自行编写相对于的servlet
        response.sendRedirect("/aaa/responseServletDemo2");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

request中的转发

从responseServletDemo1转发到responseServletDemo2

package com.company.web.servlet;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/responseServletDemo1")
public class ResponseServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo1");
        //ResponseServletDemo2类同理不过不需要加转发代买
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/responseServletDemo2").forward(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

两者的区别

重定向的特点:redirect
1. 地址栏发生变化
2. 重定向可以访问其他站点(服务器)的资源
3. 重定向是两次请求。不能使用request对象来共享数据
转发的特点：forward
1. 转发地址栏路径不变
2. 转发只能访问当前服务器下的资源
3. 转发是一次请求，可以使用request对象来共享数据

绝对路径

一般项目里用绝对路径更加方便也好写一下
绝对路径编写规则
规则：判断定义的路径是给谁用的？判断请求将来从哪儿发出
1. 给客户端浏览器使用：需要加虚拟目录(项目的访问路径)
* 建议虚拟目录动态获取：request.getContextPath()
* html标签里的a 标签和form标签 重定向…
2. 给服务器使用：不需要加虚拟目录
* 转发路径

动态获取虚拟目录的方法

package coom.company.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/responseServletDemo1")
public class ResponseServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo1");
        /*利用request的getContextPath方法拼接到重定向的虚拟目录下
          这样就可以随意更改项目的虚拟目录而不用改这段代码*/
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        response.sendRedirect(contextPath+"/responseServletDemo2");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}