python数据处理之列表、集合、字典推导式

1.列表：

  [expr for item in collection if condition]

  举例：

>>> result = []
>>> [result.append(item) for item in fruit if len(item) > 5]
[None, None]
>>> result
['banana', 'orange']

  效果与下面类似：

>>> result = []
>>> fruit = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
>>> for item in fruit:
...     if len(item)>5:
...         result.append(item)
... 
>>> result
['banana', 'orange']

2.集合：
 (expr for item in collection if condition)  与列表只有外面括号的差别。

！！！多谢下面的指出，集合外面的括号应该是大括号{}，即{expr for item in collection if condition}

3.字典：

 {key : value for item in collectio if condition}

 例子：

>>> fruit = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
>>> dictresult = {}
>>> dictresult = {key: value for key, value in enumerate(fruit) if len(value) > 5}
>>> dictresult
{1: 'banana', 2: 'orange'}

相同效果：

>>> fruit = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
>>> dictresult = {}
>>> for key, value in enumerate(fruit):
...     if len(value) > 5:
...         dictresult[key] = value
... 
>>> dictresult
{1: 'banana', 2: 'orange'}