javascript从一组数据中找到指定的单条数据的方法

从一组数据中找到指定的单条数据的方法

在一般情况下,我们会要求后端在列表的时候输出一堆列表的JSON数据给我们,然后我们把这堆数据循环,就能在前端上显示列表了.

而我们在内容页的时候,则要求输出一个内容页的JSON数据给我们,我们就可以做内容页了.

但是,有时候,数据并不是特别复杂,我们可能需要从列表的数据中指定其中的单条数据.怎么做呢?

标准答案,find方法

<code class="language-javascript hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> json = [{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"张三"</span>},{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"李四"</span>},{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"王五"</span>}];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如上所示,json是一个典型的列表数据.我如何指定找到ID=1的这条数据呢?

<code class="language-javascript hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> data = json.find(<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(e)</span>{</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> e.id == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>});
console.log(data);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

通过这样的回调函数,就能找到列表数据中的单条数据了.

这段代码用了一个find方法,并且使用了一个回调函数.很优雅的解决了这个问题.下面,我将给出我的原始方案.

我的方案,for循环

上面的find方法是我通过搜索引擎找到的解决方法,点击此处: Array.prototype.find() .而我的原始解决方案如下:

<code class="language-javascript hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> json = [{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"张三"</span>},{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"李四"</span>},{<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"id"</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span>:<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"王五"</span>}];
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> data = getJsonById(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>,json);
<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getJsonById</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(id,data)</span>{</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < data.length; i++) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (data[i].id==id) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> data[i];
        }
    };
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

原理非常简单.通过循环遍历,找到和条件一致的内容,然后返回它即可.

在实际的项目运用中,还是用标准答案比较好.但是,我的方案可能更加有助于你学习理解这段内容哦!