第一个投票合约

pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

contract Voting {
    //该合约一开始启动的时候，就把所有候选人定死
    //          ↓表示private
    string[]   internal nameList;
    //                                     ↓ 在github的solidity->typecheck源码中看到的
    constructor(string[] memory names) {//waring:构造函数输入的参数只能是memory(值类型)不能是storage(引用类型)
        nameList=names;
    }
    
    //比较两个字符串是否相等
    function compare(string memory a, string memory b) pure internal returns (bool) {
        if (bytes(a).length != bytes(b).length) {
            return false;
        }
        for (uint i = 0; i < bytes(a).length; i ++) {
            if(bytes(a)[i] != bytes(b)[i]) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    
    //字典  unsigned Int, 记住字典如果key是string，那么key是不能填变量的      
    mapping(uint=>uint) internal votesReceived;
    
    //返回该用户的下标
    function num(string memory name) view internal returns(uint){
        for(uint i = 0; i< nameList.length; i++){
            if(compare(name,nameList[i]))    return i;
        }
        return 9999;
    }
    
    
    
    //该人票数+1
    function vote(string memory name) public{
        uint index=num(name);
        require(index!=9999);//需要里面的满足才能继续 //异常处理，相当于 if(里面的为false) return 
        votesReceived[index]+=1;
        
    }
    //查看该人的票
    function totalVotesFor(string memory name) view public  returns(uint){
        uint index=num(name);
        require(index!=9999);
        return votesReceived[index];
    }
}