概念
UDF函数一共分为三种类型:
UDF-一进一出,给定一个参数,输出一个处理后的数据
UDAF-多进一出,属于聚合函数,类似于count、sum等函数
UDTF-一进多出,属于一个参数,返回一个列表作为结果
目的
当hive自定义函数无法满足需求时,就可以使用自定义函数
案例
导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
<artifactId>hive-exec</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
自定义一个java类型,继承`UDF`类型
在自定义的类内部定义一个必须叫`evaluate`名的方法。
方法的形式参数的类型和个数,开发人员根据业务需求决定。
比如
public int evaluate();
public int evaluate(int a);
public double evaluate(int a, double b);
public String evaluate(String a, int b, Text c);
public Text evaluate(String a);
public String evaluate(List<Integer> a); (Note that Hive Arrays are represented as Lists in Hive. So an ARRAY<int> column would be passed in as a List<Integer>.)
编写一个自定义函数,比如小写转大写
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.UDF;
public class getUpper extends UDF {
public String evaluate(String str) {
if (str == null || "".equals(str)) {
throw new RuntimeException("传入的数据不符合要求");
} else {
return str.toUpperCase();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
getUpper getUpper = new getUpper();
System.out.println(getUpper.evaluate("abc"));
}
}
利用maven
进行打包,上传到服务器.如下
将jar包添加到hive的classpath中,在hive中执行如下命令
add jar /root/soft/Hive-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
创建一个自定义的临时函数名
create temporary function myUpper as 'getUpper';
通过show functions
; 查看自定义的函数是否存在
使用自定义函数
select myUpper("aBc")
结果如下
UDF源码
public class UDF {
/**
* The resolver to use for method resolution.
*/
private UDFMethodResolver rslv;
/**
* The constructor.
*/
public UDF() {
rslv = new DefaultUDFMethodResolver(this.getClass());
}
/**
* The constructor with user-provided {@link UDFMethodResolver}.
*/
protected UDF(UDFMethodResolver rslv) {
this.rslv = rslv;
}
/**
* Sets the resolver.
*
* @param rslv The method resolver to use for method resolution.
*/
public void setResolver(UDFMethodResolver rslv) {
this.rslv = rslv;
}
/**
* Get the method resolver.
*/
public UDFMethodResolver getResolver() {
return rslv;
}
/**
* This can be overridden to include JARs required by this UDF.
*
* @see org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.udf.generic.GenericUDF#getRequiredJars()
* GenericUDF.getRequiredJars()
*
* @return an array of paths to files to include, {@code null} by default.
*/
public String[] getRequiredJars() {
return null;
}
/**
* This can be overridden to include files required by this UDF.
*
* @see org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.udf.generic.GenericUDF#getRequiredFiles()
* GenericUDF.getRequiredFiles()
*
* @return an array of paths to files to include, {@code null} by default.
*/
public String[] getRequiredFiles() {
return null;
}
}