Spring 依赖注入（DI）

构造函数注入

一、创建实体类

public class UserBean {

    private String username;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;

    public UserBean(String username, Integer age, Date birthday) {
        this.username = username;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}

二、创建 Spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="chu.yi.bo.UserBean">
        <constructor-arg name="username" value="xiaoming"/>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="10"/>
        <constructor-arg name="birthday" ref="date"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="date" class="java.util.Date"/>
</beans>

三、constructor-arg 标签的属性

属性	方法
index	指定参数在构造函数参数列表的索引位置
type	指定参数在构造函数中的数据类型
name	指定参数在构造函数中的名称
value	赋的值是基本数据类型和 String 类型
ref	赋的值是其他 bean 类型，必须得是在配置文件中配置过的 bean

Set 方法注入

一、创建实体类

public class UserBean {

    private String username;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}

二、创建 Spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="chu.yi.bo.UserBean">
        <property name="username" value="xiaoming"/>
        <property name="age" value="10"/>
        <property name="birthday" ref="date"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="date" class="java.util.Date"/>
</beans>

三、property 标签属性

属性	说明
name	set 方法后面的部分
ref	属性赋值是其他 bean
value	属性赋值是基本数据类型和 string 类型的

P 命名空间注入

一、创建实体类

public class UserBean {

    private String username;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}

二、创建 Spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="chu.yi.bo.UserBean"
        p:username="xiaoming" p:age="18" p:birthday-ref="date"/>

    <bean id="date" class="java.util.Date"/>
</beans>

注入集合属性

一、创建实体类

public class MyArray {
    private String[] myStrs;
    private List<String> myList;
    private Set<String> mySet;
    private Map<String,String> myMap;
    private Properties myProps;

    public void setMyStrs(String[] myStrs) {
        this.myStrs = myStrs;
    }

    public void setMyList(List<String> myList) {
        this.myList = myList;
    }

    public void setMySet(Set<String> mySet) {
        this.mySet = mySet;
    }

    public void setMyMap(Map<String, String> myMap) {
        this.myMap = myMap;
    }

    public void setMyProps(Properties myProps) {
        this.myProps = myProps;
    }
}

二、创建 Spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="myArray" class="chu.yi.bo.MyArray">
        <!-- 给数组注入数据 -->
        <property name="myStrs">
            <set>
                <value>AAA</value>
                <value>BBB</value>
                <value>CCC</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!-- 注入 list 集合数据 -->
        <property name="myList">
            <array>
                <value>AAA</value>
                <value>BBB</value>
                <value>CCC</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!-- 注入 set 集合数据 -->
        <property name="mySet">
            <list>
                <value>AAA</value>
                <value>BBB</value>
                <value>CCC</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!-- 注入 Map 数据 -->
        <property name="myMap">
            <props>
                <prop key="testA">aaa</prop>
                <prop key="testB">bbb</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!-- 注入 properties 数据 -->
        <property name="myProps">
            <map>
                <entry key="testA" value="aaa"></entry>
                <entry key="testB">
                    <value>bbb</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>