mysql(5.6.38)绿色版安装（CentOS7）

一.准备环境

1. 官网下载mysql 5.6.38

    https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads

 2. 卸载旧版mysql

    查询安装包

    [root@centos1~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

    mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

    mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

    删除安装包

    [root@centos1~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

    [root@centos1~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

    查找mysql安装目录

    [root@centos1~]# find / -name mysql   

    /usr/share/mysql

    /usr/include/mysql

    /usr/bin/mysql

    /var/lib/mysql

    /var/lib/mysql/mysql

    /usr/lib64/mysql

    删除安装目录

    [root@centos1~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/

    ...

   （删除完所有查询出来的目录）

    删除my.cnf

    [root@centos1~]# rm -rf  /etc/my.cnf

    删除用户

   [root@centos1 ~]# userdel -r mysql   

二. 安装mysql

    1. 创建用户

     [root@centos1~]# groupadd mysql

     [root@centos1~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

     2.解压软件

      解压

      [root@centos1 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

      重命名

      [root@centos1 local]# mv mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64    mysql

      删除已安装压缩文件

      [root@centos1 local]# rm mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

     3. 修改权限

      [root@centos1 local]#chown -R mysql:mysql  mysql/

     4.初始化数据库

      [root@centos1 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts

      [root@centos1 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

      注意：这里可能会有以下提示 

 [root@bogon mysql] # ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

   FATAL ERROR: please  install  the following Perl modules before executing . /scripts/mysql_install_db :Data::Dumper

      官方下载 perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

      下载地址：https://pkgs.org/download/perl(Data::Dumper)

      

      安装插件

     [root@centos1 local]# cd /home

      [root@centos1 home]# rpm -ivh perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

      再初始化数据库

      [root@centos1 home]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts

      [root@centos1 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

      5.配置文件my.cnf

  

 # For advice on how to change settings please see
    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

    [client]
    port = 3306
    socket= /tmp/mysql.sock

    [mysql]
    prompt="\\u@\\h [\\d]>"
    no-auto-rehash

    [mysqld]
    user = mysql
    basedir = /usr/local/mysql
    datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
    port = 3306
    socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    event_scheduler = 0
    tmpdir = /usr/local/mysql/tmp

    #timeout
    interactive_timeout = 300
    wait_timeout = 300

    #character set
    character-set-server = utf8
    open_files_limit = 65535
    max_connections = 100
    max_connect_errors = 100000
    lower_case_table_names =1

   #logs
   log-output=file
   slow_query_log = 1
   slow_query_log_file = slow.log
   log-error = error.log
   log_warnings = 2
   pid-file = mysql.pid
   long_query_time = 1
   #log-slow-admin-statements = 1
   #log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
   log-slow-slave-statements = 1

   # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
   # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
   # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

   # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
   # changes to the binary log between backups.
   # log_bin

   # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
   # basedir = .....
   # datadir = .....
   # port = .....
   # server_id = .....
   # socket = .....

   # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
   # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
   # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
   # join_buffer_size = 128M
   # sort_buffer_size = 2M
   # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

    sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

   注意：需要在mysql目录下创建tmp临时目录，因为my.conf配置的文件中配置了

    [root@centos1 mysql]# mkdir tmp 

  6.配置环境变量

    [root@centos1 local]# vi  ~/.bashrc

   export MYSQL_HOME= /usr/local/mysql

   export PATH=$PATH:MYSQL_HOME/bin

   7.启动测试

   [root@centos1 local]# service mysql start

    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

   8.修改默认密码

   [root@centos1 local]#mysqladmin -uroot -p password "newPassword"

     注意：如果忘记密码，停掉mysql服务，用不进行权限验证的启动方式启动，所有登录将不验证密码

     [root@centos1 local]#mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

   9.修改远程可访问

     登录mysql后执行更新语句

    update user set host='%' where user='root';

 最后恭喜你安装完成！