相对于上文的多对一关系,这里又说明下一对多的关联关系。
在上文中,我们描述了多对一的关系,在关系数据库中也是多对一的关系,并且还是一对多的关系。但是,仅仅如此是不够的,Hibernate是一种面向对象的结构,在Hibernate中仍然是多对一的关系,但是没有一对多,所以我们需要额外添加一对多的关系。
部门实体类:Department.java
package cn.itcast.hibernate.domain;
import java.util.Set;
public class Department {
private int id;
private String name;
private Set<Employee> emps;
public Set<Employee> getEmps() {
return emps;
}
public void setEmps(Set<Employee> emps) {
this.emps = emps;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
部门映射关系:Department.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping
package="cn.itcast.hibernate.domain">
<class name="Department" table="tb_Department">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name" />
<set name="emps">
<key column="depart_id" />
<one-to-many class="Employee" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
我们需要注意的是:在部门实体类中,我们增加了一个set集合属性,并且在映射文件中我们也增加了一个set属性,这是为了映射一对多的关系。
在映射文件中的set标签,我们定义了一个key标签,这是外键,必须与员工类的外键相同。
package cn.itcast.hibernate.domain;
public class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private Department depart;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Department getDepart() {
return depart;
}
public void setDepart(Department depart) {
this.depart = depart;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping
package="cn.itcast.hibernate.domain">
<class name="Employee" table="tb_Employee">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name" />
<many-to-one name="depart" column="depart_id" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
public class Many2One {
public static void main(String[] arg){
Department depart = add();
query(depart.getId());
}
static Department add(){
Session s = null;
Transaction tx = null;
try{
Department depart = new Department();
depart.setName("depart name");
Employee emp1 = new Employee();
emp1.setDepart(depart); //建立两个对象的关联关系
emp1.setName("emp name");
Employee emp2 = new Employee();
emp2.setDepart(depart); //建立两个对象的关联关系
emp2.setName("emp name");
s = HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx = s.beginTransaction();
s.save(depart);
s.save(emp1); //emp对象和depart对象保存的先后顺序不同也会有一定的差异
s.save(emp2); //如果员工(emp)先插入,部门(depart)后插入,会生成三条数据库语句,
//因为在两者都插入之后,emp的depart_id字段还未插入,所以还要有最后一条语句插入
tx.commit();
return depart;
}finally{
if(s!=null){
s.close();
}
}
}
static Department query(int departId){
Session s = null;
Transaction tx = null;
try{
s = HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx = s.beginTransaction();
Department depart = (Department)s.get(Department.class, departId); //根据ID查询
System.out.println("emp size:"+depart.getEmps().size());
//Hibernate.initialize(depart.getEmps());
tx.commit();
return depart;
}finally{
if(s!=null){
s.close();
}
}
}
}
在main函数中,我们添加了两个数据,然后查询部门id,可以得到两个结果。