主题三 编译过程介绍----20.#和##运算符的使用分析

#运算符用于在预编译期将宏参数转换为字符串

#include<stdio.h>

#define  CONVERS(x)  #x

int main()
{
    printf(“%s\n”,CONVERS(Hello Word!));
  printf(“%s\n”,CONVERS(while));
  printf(“%s\n”,CONVERS(return));

  retrun 0;
}
//输出：while,return
//通过中间文件，发现预编译后，printf函数中被替换成字符串了。

//#运算符的妙用
#include <stdio.h>

#define CALL(f, p) (printf("Call function %s\n", #f), f(p))
   
int square(int n)
{
    return n * n;
}

int f(int x)
{
    return x;
}

int main()
{
    
    printf("1. %d\n", CALL(square, 4));
    printf("2. %d\n", CALL(f, 10));

    return 0;
}

//Output:
//        Call  function aquare

//        1.   16
//        Call  funtion f
//        2.   10

##运算符用于在预编译期粘连两个符号

#include <stdio.h>

#define NAME(n) name##n

int main()
{
    
    int NAME(1);
    int NAME(2);
    
    NAME(1) = 1;
    NAME(2) = 2;
    
    printf("%d\n", NAME(1));
    printf("%d\n", NAME(2));

    return 0;
}

//##运算符在定义结构体的妙用
#include <stdio.h>

#define STRUCT(type) typedef struct _tag_##type type;\
struct _tag_##type

STRUCT(Student)
{
    char* name;
    int id;
};

int main()
{
    
    Student s1;
    Student s2;
    
    s1.name = "s1";
    s1.id = 0;
    
    s2.name = "s2";
    s2.id = 1;
    
    printf("%s\n", s1.name);
    printf("%d\n", s1.id);
    printf("%s\n", s2.name);
    printf("%d\n", s2.id);

    return 0;
}