进程间通信______消息队列

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>

#define MAX_SEND_SIZE 80

struct mymsgbuf {
long mtype;
char mtext[MAX_SEND_SIZE];
};

void send_message(int qid, struct mymsgbuf *qbuf, long type, char *text);
void read_message(int qid, struct mymsgbuf *qbuf, long type);
void remove_queue(int qid);
void change_queue_mode(int qid, char *mode);
void usage(void);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    key_t key;
    int msgqueue_id;
    struct mymsgbuf qbuf;

    if(argc == 1)
    usage();

    /* Create unique key via call to ftok() */
    key = ftok(".", 'm');

    /* Open the queue - create if necessary */
    if((msgqueue_id = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT|0660)) == -1)

     {
    perror("msgget");
    exit(1);
    }

    switch(tolower(argv[1][0]))
    {
    case 's': send_message(msgqueue_id, (struct mymsgbuf *)&qbuf,atol(argv[2]), argv[3]);
    break;
    case 'r': read_message(msgqueue_id, &qbuf, atol(argv[2]));
    break;
    case 'd': remove_queue(msgqueue_id);
    break;
    case 'm': change_queue_mode(msgqueue_id, argv[2]);
    break;

    default: usage();

    }

    return(0);
}

void send_message(int qid, struct mymsgbuf *qbuf, long type, char *text)
{
    /* Send a message to the queue */
    printf("Sending a message... \n");
    qbuf->mtype = type;
    strcpy(qbuf->mtext, text);

    if((msgsnd(qid, (struct msgbuf *)qbuf,
    strlen(qbuf->mtext)+1, 0)) ==-1)
    {
        perror("msgsnd");
        exit(1);
    }
}

void read_message(int qid, struct mymsgbuf *qbuf, long type)
{
    /* Read a message from the queue */
    printf("Reading a message ...\n");
    qbuf->mtype = type;
    msgrcv(qid, (struct msgbuf *)qbuf, MAX_SEND_SIZE, type, 0);

    printf("Type: %ld Text: %s \n", qbuf->mtype, qbuf->mtext);
}

void remove_queue(int qid)
{
    /* Remove the queue */
    msgctl(qid, IPC_RMID, 0);
}

void change_queue_mode(int qid, char *mode)
{
    struct msqid_ds myqueue_ds;

    /* Get current info */
    msgctl(qid, IPC_STAT, &myqueue_ds);

    /* Convert and load the mode */
    sscanf(mode, "%ho", &myqueue_ds.msg_perm.mode);

    /* Update the mode */
    msgctl(qid, IPC_SET, &myqueue_ds);
}

void usage(void)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "msgtool - A utility for tinkering with msg queues \n");
    fprintf(stderr, "nUSAGE: msgtool (s)end \n");
    fprintf(stderr, " (r)ecv \n");
    fprintf(stderr, " (d)eleten \n");
    fprintf(stderr, " (m)ode \n");
    exit(1);
}

 

程序保存为 ipcs.c

编译：gcc -o ipcs ipcs.c

程序运行结果解释：

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  s  001  hello!

Sending a message …

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  s  001  world!

Sending a message …

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  s  001  you

Sending a message …

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  s  001  and

Sending a message …

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  s  001  me!

Sending a message …

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  r  001 

Reading a message …

Type: 001 Text:hello!

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  r  001 

Reading a message …

Type: 001 Text:world!

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  r  001  

Reading a message …

Type: 001 Text:you

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  d  001    /*删除了消息队列001*/ 

[root@wanglong wanglong]# ./ipcs  r  001 

Reading a message ..                        ./* 因为删除了，所以读不出消息了*/

 

/t