linux安装mysql

软件包下载

1. 下载方式一
   mysql-5.7.28下载

其他版本的访问官方网站进行下载：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

3. 下载方式二

$ wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

解压

	$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
	$ mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
	$ cd /usr/local/mysql
	$ mkdir data

创建mysql用户组/ 用户

	$ groupadd mysql
	$ useradd mysql -g mysql
	$ passwd mysql #键入mysql作为该用户的密码
	$ chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

编辑my.cnf配置文件

	$ vi /etc/my.cnf

	[client]
	default-character-set = utf8
	
	[mysqld]
	port = 3306
	default-storage-engine = INNODB
	character-set-server = utf8
	collation-server = utf8_general_ci
	max_connections = 1024 # 最大连接数量
	max_allowed_packet = 64M
	lower_case_table_names = 1 # 关闭大小写敏感
	innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
	join_buffer_size = 256M
	read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
	sort_buffer_size = 16M
	sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
	basedir=/usr/local/mysql
	datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
	socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
	symbolic-links=0
	general_log=on
	general_log_file=/var/log/mysqld.general.log
	log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
	pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

创建相关文件并授权

	$ touch /var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
	$ chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
	$ chmod 755 /var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
	
	$ touch /var/log/mysqld.log
	$ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
	$ chmod 755 /var/log/mysqld.log
	
	$ touch /var/log/mysqld.general.log
	$ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.general.log
	$ chmod 755 /var/log/mysqld.general.log
	
	$ mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld
	$ touch /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
	$ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld
	$ chmod 755 /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

初始化数据库

	$ cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
	$ ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

设置mysql服务

	$ cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
	$ chkconfig --add mysqld
	$ chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

添加环境变量

	vi /etc/profile

	export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
	export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

	source /etc/profile

启动服务

	service mysqld start

验证是否启动成功

	service mysqld status

查看默认密码

	cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

登陆修改密码并开放远程连接

	$ mysql -u root -p
	# ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111)
	$ ln -s /var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
	$ mysql -u root -ppassword # -pay9hBeX<<5Kh ay9hBeX<<5Kh是默认密码
	mysql> show databases;
	mysql> set password = password('123456'); # 修改密码
	mysql> use mysql;
	mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; # 开放远程连接
	mysql> flush privileges;