springcloud Feign断路器实战和问题总结

    断路由是防止该服务调用其他外服务时，外服务宕机或者出差时，影响到本服务的宕机，引起大面积的瘫痪，所以才有了断路由的由来。

springcloud Feign已经实现了Hystrix ,所以不用再引Hystrix的maven依赖

1. 搭建一个eureka注册中心和service参考下面的文章

    springcloud项目实战

2. 创建项目如下

    2.1 pom 文件

   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.xue</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-curstomA</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>spring-curstomA</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
		  	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
		  	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- sping cloud 注册服务 --> 
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>  
        </dependency>
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>  
        </dependency>  
	</dependencies>
	
	<dependencyManagement>
	    <dependencies>
	        <dependency>
			    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
			    <version>Dalston.RELEASE</version>
			    <type>pom</type>
			    <scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
	    </dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

    2.2 application.properties配置文件

#服务名称
spring.application.name=ribbon-consumer
#端口号
server.port=5555
#注册中心
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1111/eureka/
spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled=true
#注册中心的服务id
spring.cloud.config.discovery.serviceId=compute-server
#打开对Hystrix断路由
feign.hystrix.enabled=true 

    2.3 启动类注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SpringCurstomAApplication {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringCurstomAApplication.class, args);
	}
}

    2.4 controller层

@RestController
public class MyController {
	@Autowired  
    HelloService service;
	
	@RequestMapping("/feign-customer")  
    public String testA() {  
        return service.hello();  
    }
}

    2.5 feign 接口

//服务名 和回调类
@FeignClient(value="COMPUTE-SERVICE1",fallback=HelloServiceFallback.class) 
public interface HelloService {  
  
	@RequestMapping("/info") //对应具体服务中的接口地址（具体服务controller 层的暴露接口）可以指定具体的get/post  
    String hello(); 
} 

    2.6 feign 实现类

@Component//该注解不能少，否则报错
public class HelloServiceFallback implements HelloService {

	@Override
	public String hello() {
		return "request error";
	}
}

效果 把要调用的服务停止后 如下图

总结

如果项目还是报错，要检查三个地方

1. pom文件

        <dependencyManagement>
	    <dependencies>
	        <dependency>
			    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
			    <version>Dalston.RELEASE</version>//一定要是Dalston 不能是 Brixton
			    <type>pom</type>
			    <scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
	    </dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

2. application.properties

#打开对Hystrix断路由
feign.hystrix.enabled=true 

3. 启动类注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients//该注解不能少
public class SpringCurstomAApplication {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringCurstomAApplication.class, args);
	}
}