Oracle

1.select语句
2.数据操纵语言（DML语句）
INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
3.数据定义语言（DDL语句）
CREATE, ALTER, DROP, RENAME, TRUNCATE
4.事务控制语句
COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT
5.数据控制语言（DCL语句）
GRANT【授权】, REVOKE【回收】

单值函数
组函数
聚合函数
分析函数
开窗函数

https://blog.csdn.net/bbliutao/article/details/7833734
http://blog.csdn.net/iw1210/article/details/11937085
http://zonghl8006.blog.163.com/blog/static/4528311520083995931317/
http://www.cnblogs.com/sumsen/archive/2012/05/30/2525800.html

分析函数
row_number() over(partition by … order by …)
rank() over(partition by … order by …)
dense_rank() over(partition by … order by …)
count() over(partition by … order by …)
max() over(partition by … order by …)
min() over(partition by … order by …)
sum() over(partition by … order by …)
avg() over(partition by … order by …)
first_value() over(partition by … order by …)
last_value() over(partition by … order by …)
lag() over(partition by … order by …)
lead() over(partition by … order by …)

SELECT ID,NAME,DATE1 FROM (SELECT ID,NAME,DATE1,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(partition by ID order by DATE1 desc) as RN FROM T1)T WHERE T.RN=1;