下面这个程序 来自于仕琪的讲稿 《使用OpenCV进行图像处理》]中的例程:
cvRunningAvg
opencv中的函数,用来更新移动平均。用法:
void cvRunningAvg(const CvArr * image,
CvArr* acc,
double alpha,
const CvArr* mask=NULL)
image:输入图像,1或3通道,8比特或32比特的float型
acc:累加器,和image一样大小
alpha:更新时,image所占的权重
mask:操作符掩码
if mask(x,y)!= 0 (1-alpha)*acc(x,y)+alpha*image(x,y) =>acc(x,y)
- #if 0
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <cv.h>
- #include <cxcore.h>
- #include <highgui.h>
- #pragma comment(lib, "cv.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib, "cxcore.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib, "highgui.lib")
- int main( int argc, char** argv )
- {
- //声明IplImage指针
- IplImage* pFrame = NULL;
- IplImage* pFrImg = NULL;
- IplImage* pBkImg = NULL;
- CvMat* pFrameMat = NULL;
- CvMat* pFrMat = NULL;
- CvMat* pBkMat = NULL;
- CvCapture* pCapture = NULL;
- int nFrmNum = 0;
- //创建窗口
- cvNamedWindow("video", 1);
- cvNamedWindow("background",1);
- cvNamedWindow("foreground",1);
- //使窗口有序排列
- cvMoveWindow("video", 30, 0);
- cvMoveWindow("background", 360, 0);
- cvMoveWindow("foreground", 690, 0);
- if( !(pCapture = cvCaptureFromAVI(".\\test.avi")))
- {
- //pCapture = cvCaptureFromCAM(-1))
- fprintf(stderr, "Can not open camera.\n");
- return -2;
- }
- //逐帧读取视频
- while(pFrame = cvQueryFrame( pCapture ))
- {
- nFrmNum++;
- //如果是第一帧,需要申请内存,并初始化
- if(nFrmNum == 1)
- {
- pBkImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(pFrame->width, pFrame->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);
- pFrImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(pFrame->width, pFrame->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);
- pBkMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);
- pFrMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);
- pFrameMat = cvCreateMat(pFrame->height, pFrame->width, CV_32FC1);
- //转化成单通道图像再处理
- cvCvtColor(pFrame, pBkImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- cvCvtColor(pFrame, pFrImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrameMat);
- cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrMat);
- cvConvert(pFrImg, pBkMat);
- }
- else
- {
- cvCvtColor(pFrame, pFrImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- cvConvert(pFrImg, pFrameMat);
- //高斯滤波先,以平滑图像
- //cvSmooth(pFrameMat, pFrameMat, CV_GAUSSIAN, 3, 0, 0);
- //当前帧跟背景图相减
- cvAbsDiff(pFrameMat, pBkMat, pFrMat);
- //二值化前景图
- cvThreshold(pFrMat, pFrImg, 60, 255.0, CV_THRESH_BINARY);
- //进行形态学滤波,去掉噪音
- //cvErode(pFrImg, pFrImg, 0, 1);
- //cvDilate(pFrImg, pFrImg, 0, 1);
- //更新背景
- cvRunningAvg(pFrameMat, pBkMat, 0.003, 0);
- //将背景转化为图像格式,用以显示
- cvConvert(pBkMat, pBkImg);
- //显示图像
- cvShowImage("video", pFrame);
- cvShowImage("background", pBkImg);
- cvShowImage("foreground", pFrImg);
- //如果有按键事件,则跳出循环
- //此等待也为cvShowImage函数提供时间完成显示
- //等待时间可以根据CPU速度调整
- if( cvWaitKey(20) >= 0 )
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- cvWaitKey();
- //销毁窗口
- cvDestroyWindow("video");
- cvDestroyWindow("background");
- cvDestroyWindow("foreground");
- //释放图像和矩阵
- cvReleaseImage(&pFrImg);
- cvReleaseImage(&pBkImg);
- cvReleaseMat(&pFrameMat);
- cvReleaseMat(&pFrMat);
- cvReleaseMat(&pBkMat);
- cvReleaseCapture(&pCapture);
- return 0;
- }
- #else
- #include <cv.h>
- #include <highgui.h>
- #pragma comment(lib, "cv.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib, "cxcore.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib, "highgui.lib")
- int main( int argc, char** argv )
- {
- CvCapture* capture = NULL;
- IplImage *frame = NULL;
- IplImage *frame_last = NULL;//存储上一帧
- IplImage *m_out_image = NULL;
- IplImage* frame_gray = NULL;
- IplImage* frame_gray_last = NULL;
- IplImage* m_out_image_copy = NULL;
- int nFrmNum = 0;
- //capture = cvCaptureFromCAM(-1);
- capture = cvCaptureFromAVI(".\\test.avi");
- //创建窗口
- cvNamedWindow( "result", 1 );
- cvNamedWindow("差分");
- //逐帧读取视频
- while(frame = cvQueryFrame( capture ))
- {
- nFrmNum++;
- //如果是第一帧,需要申请内存,并初始化
- if(nFrmNum == 1)
- {
- frame_last = cvCreateImage(cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, frame->nChannels);
- cvCopy(frame,frame_last);
- }
- else
- {
- frame_gray = cvCreateImage(cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
- frame_gray_last = cvCreateImage(cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
- m_out_image = cvCreateImage(cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
- m_out_image_copy = cvCreateImage( cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );
- cvCvtColor(frame,frame_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);
- cvCvtColor(frame_last,frame_gray_last,CV_RGB2GRAY);
- cvAbsDiff(frame_gray,frame_gray_last,m_out_image);
- //cvThreshold(m_out_image,m_out_image,128, 255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
- //将处理后的图像写出到第二个图像中
- if( m_out_image_copy->origin == IPL_ORIGIN_TL )
- {
- cvCopy( m_out_image, m_out_image_copy, 0 );
- }
- else
- {
- cvFlip( m_out_image, m_out_image_copy, 0 );
- }
- frame_last = cvCreateImage(cvSize(frame->width,frame->height),IPL_DEPTH_8U, frame->nChannels);
- cvCopy(frame,frame_last);
- cvShowImage("差分",m_out_image_copy);
- cvShowImage("result",frame);
- cvReleaseImage( &m_out_image_copy );
- cvReleaseImage( &frame_gray_last );
- cvReleaseImage( &frame_gray );
- if( cvWaitKey( 20 ) >= 0 )
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- cvWaitKey();
- cvReleaseImage( &m_out_image );
- cvReleaseImage( &frame_last );
- cvReleaseImage( &frame );
- cvReleaseCapture( &capture );
- cvDestroyWindow("result");
- cvDestroyWindow("差分");
- return 0;
- }
- #endif