在.Net开发中,经常会有需要处理http请求的需求,以前使用WebRequest获取WebClient来处理,现在官方推荐使用HttpClient来处理Http请求相关操作。
简单使用可以直接创建HttpClient实例(注意释放资源):
HttpClient http = new HttpClient();
如果复用连接时可以推荐使用IHttpClientFactory和封装为具体服务的形式。
参考代码:
internal class HttpClientDemo
{
//全局容器
static IHost host;
static IHttpClientFactory clientFactory;
public static async Task DemoMain()
{
//向容器添加缓存服务
host = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder()
.ConfigureServices(services => {
services.AddHttpClient();
services.AddHttpClient<IMicrosoftClient, MicrosoftClient>();
})
.Build();
//获取IHttpClientFactory用来管理HttpClient,复用连接
clientFactory = host.Services.GetService<IHttpClientFactory>();
//普通用法
var client = GetHttpClient("https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/");
var result = await client.GetAsync("/");
var content = await result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
//Console.WriteLine(content);
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------");
var resultStr = await client.GetStringAsync("/");
//Console.WriteLine(resultStr);
Console.WriteLine($"{content.Length}--{resultStr.Length}");
//封装为单独服务后使用
IMicrosoftClient microsoftClient =host.Services.GetRequiredService<IMicrosoftClient>();
string microsoftResult= await microsoftClient.GetStr("/");
Console.WriteLine(microsoftResult.Length);
HttpClient http = new HttpClient();
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化指定Url相关HttpClient
/// </summary>
/// <param name="baseUrl"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static HttpClient GetHttpClient(string baseUrl)
{
var client = clientFactory.CreateClient();
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(baseUrl);
client.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 30);
return client;
}
}
//封装HttpClient注入后使用
internal class MicrosoftClient: IMicrosoftClient
{
private readonly HttpClient httpClient;
public MicrosoftClient(HttpClient httpClient)
{
this.httpClient = httpClient;
this.httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/");
}
public async Task<string> GetStr(string url)
{
return await httpClient.GetStringAsync(url);
}
}
interface IMicrosoftClient
{
Task<string> GetStr(string url);
}
输出结果: